doom-config/config.org

#+title: Doom Emacs Config
#+author: tokinanpa
#+email: kiana.a.sheibani@gmail.com
#+property: header-args:elisp :results replace :exports code
#+property: header-args :tangle no :results silent :eval no-export :mkdirp yes

#+begin_quote
Emacs outshines all other editing software in approximately the same way that the noonday sun does the stars. It is not just bigger and brighter; it simply makes everything else vanish.

  -- Neil Stephenson, /In the Beginning was the Command Line/ (1998)
#+end_quote

* Introduction

*Hello!*

This is a literate configuration for [[https:github.com/doomemacs/doomemacs][Doom Emacs]].

** Background; or, My Emacs Story

Given that you are currently reading an Emacs config, I will assume that you already have a moderate understanding of what Emacs is and the ideas behind its configuration system. If you do not, then [[https://docs.doomemacs.org/v21.12/#/users/intro/why-emacs][this section]] of the official Doom Emacs documentation makes for a decent introduction.

Rather than use this space to explain Emacs, I will instead use it to chronicle my history with Emacs, how I got here, and what lessons should be taken away from this experience. Don't worry, I promise it won't be long.

*** In The Beginning

My first brush with Emacs was in around 2019, when I installed it for use with the proof assistant language Agda. I had vaguely heard tales about its beauty and power, but I was nowhere near comfortable enough with config files and programming in general to fully appreciate its capabilities (not to mention that I was using Windows at the time). I bounced off of it pretty quickly because... well, vanilla Emacs is just kinda terrible.

#+caption: Look at this and tell me that it doesn't look at least a little awful.
#+name: vanilla-emacs
[[file:assets/vanilla_emacs.png]]

A few years later in 2022, after I had moved to the more sensible OS of Arch Linux, I discovered that my preferred text editor [[https://atom-editor.cc/][Atom]] was in the process of being discontinued and began to look for a replacement. I tried Visual Studio Code for a little while, but after some serious use I became dissatisfied with how few options there were to customize it to fit my workflow.

It was at this point that I started thinking about Emacs again. By chance, I happened to stumble upon Doom Emacs, and it turned out to be exactly what I was looking for:

- Extreme flexibility
- Robust modular configuration system
- Sensible defaults
- Extensive ecosystem

As I became more comfortable with configuration via scripting, I immersed myself into the many utilities that make up the Emacs ecosystem: =org-mode=, =calfw=, =calc=, =mu4e=. I started putting more and more time into tweaking these applications to fit my needs, my files kept getting longer and longer, and eventually I fully fell off the deep end and now we're here.

*** Literate Programming

My first Doom Emacs config was hacked together directly from the generated example config: no comments, no organization, nothing. ~after!~ and ~use-package!~ blocks were scattered about the file without rhyme or reason, making it very difficult to remember what any particular line of code was actually doing. I was able to mitigate some of this issue by categorizing my config into multiple files, but at the end of the day it was a losing battle. The config directory was at around 1200 lines of code before I decided that something needed to be done.

I was considering what to do about this problem of organizational decay when I came across [[https://tecosaur.github.io/emacs-config/config.html][Tecosaur's config]] and learned about =org-mode='s literate programming support. I had been using =org-mode= for several months at this point and was very comfortable with it, so utilizing it to better organize my Emacs code seemed like a good idea.

**** Org and Source Code

This file is written in Org, a plain-text markup language similar to Markdown in basic structure. Like Markdown, it has support for embedding blocks of source code in between paragraphs.

Unlike a standard markup language, however, Org mode has built-in capabilities for executing code and inserting the output into the document, somewhat similar to a Jupyter notebook.

#+begin_src emacs-lisp :eval yes :exports both :results replace
;; This is Emacs Lisp code in a src block!
(format "Result: %s" (+ 1 2))
#+end_src

#+RESULTS:
: Result: 3

The second block above was automatically generated by =org-mode=.

(This feature does not exclusively work with Emacs Lisp, but other languages require the corresponding build tools to be installed.)

**** Tangle, Weave, Export, Publish

Since Org's ability to execute code and process its output is so robust, it's only natural that one might consider using Org to annotate a codebase, storing the code inside source blocks in the document. This could be done by maintaining both the Org file and the actual source files separately, but that would require manually duplicating edits in both files, which is not ideal.

The solution is [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Literate_programming][literate programming]], the practice of embedding usable code into a markup document. Literate programming can be done in a few different ways; a handful of languages support directly processing these markup documents, such as Haskell and Julia. However, the way Org implements it is closer to the traditional method, which involves two processing systems:

1. /Tangling/, converting the file into raw source code. Tangling must be performed before the code is used; in Org, code is tangled into a new file, and this can be done to generate many source files at once.
2. /Weaving/, formatting the file into a human-readable document. Org conceptually divides this further into "exporting" and "publishing," where the latter is intended specifically for converting into web-ready HTML.

You are currently reading the published version of this literate program[fn:1]. If you were to download this repository and use it as your config, Emacs would be running the tangled version. These versions are generated in separate processes, but both are ultimately derived from the content and metadata inside of the Org file.

[fn:1] Unless you're reading the raw file on Github, in which case you are probably already decently familiar with =org-mode= to be able to read its markup.

**** From Code into Comprehension

The simultaneous handling of documentation and code inherent to literate programming is reminiscent of documentation generation (doc comments) in traditional programming. Both systems involve superimposing code and documentation into one file, but the literate style takes the concept one step further; the document isn't embedded in the code, the code is embedded in the document.

Instead of documentation having to be bent around the restrictions of source code, the source code can be written and organized with all the freedoms of prose. If written well, the literate program can be structured in a manner closer to how the human mind understands code, rather than how a computer processes it. This is assisted by features such as literate macros and tangling configuration, features intended to break one's code out of the restrictions of standard programming.

It's not the right tool for every codebase, but proper use of literate programming can make a program much, much easier to comprehend and maintain. This is especially true for configuration languages like Emacs Lisp, where much of the code is conceptually disconnected and can easily be split into categories.

** Current Issues

*** TODO Nix

Creating garbage collection roots currently doesn't work.

*** TODO Idris

The configuration for Idris is a bit light, and could use some touching up.

*** TODO Mail

My mail client currently requires GPG access to sync emails, which doesn't properly work. Using the mail client requires running ~mbsync -a~ externally instead.

*** Org

**** TODO Configure Org popups

* Config Management with =confpkg=

As part of their literate config, Tecosaur implemented =confpkg=, an embedded Emacs Lisp library that manages multiple aspects of config tangling:

- Controlling what generated files each code block is tangled to
- Creating package files from templates
- Automatically detecting cross-section dependencies
- Reporting profiling information on config load times

It's an incredibly impressive utility, and I highly recommend reading [[https://tecosaur.github.io/emacs-config/config.html#rudimentary-configuration-confpkg][the section in their config]] on its design. I tried to read through it myself, but I don't understand half of it; it's a bizarre mixture of exploits to hook into =org-mode='s tangling process, self-modifying buffer shenanigans, and abuse of various features of the source block mechanism.

Luckily, I don't need to be able to understand code in order to do what I do best: press =Ctrl+C= and =Ctrl+V= in that order. Programming!

If you're reading the raw org file instead of the published version, the code for =confpkg= is below. It is mostly unchanged, aside from these tweaks:

- Change the package template to contain my information
- Reorganize to get rid of superfluous noweb references
- Prevent the code from being exported
- Allow package statements anywhere in subconfig files, rather than only at the beginning

** confpkg :noexport:

*** Preparation

#+name: confpkg-prepare
#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(condition-case nil
    (progn
      (message "Intitialising confpkg")
      (org-fold-core-ignore-fragility-checks
        (org-babel-map-executables nil
          (when (eq (org-element-type (org-element-context)) 'babel-call)
            (org-babel-lob-execute-maybe)))))
  (quit (revert-buffer t t t)))
#+end_src

#+header: :tangle (expand-file-name (make-temp-name "emacs-org-babel-excuses/confpkg-prepare-") temporary-file-directory)
#+begin_src emacs-lisp :noweb no-export
<<confpkg-prepare()>>
#+end_src

*** Setup

#+name: confpkg-setup
#+begin_src emacs-lisp :results silent :noweb no-export

(setq confpkg--num 0
      confpkg--list nil)

;; Dependency handling

(defun confpkg--rough-extract-definitions (file)
  (with-temp-buffer
    (insert-file-contents file)
    (goto-char (point-min))
    (let (symbols)
      (while (re-search-forward
              (rx line-start (* (any ?\s ?\t)) "("
                  (or "defun" "defmacro" "defsubst" "defgeneric" "defalias" "defvar" "defcustom" "defface" "deftheme"
                      "cl-defun" "cl-defmacro" "cl-defsubst" "cl-defmethod" "cl-defstruct" "cl-defgeneric" "cl-deftype")
                  (+ (any ?\s ?\t))
                  (group (+ (any "A-Z" "a-z" "0-9"
                                 ?+ ?- ?* ?/ ?_ ?~ ?! ?@ ?$ ?% ?^ ?& ?= ?: ?< ?> ?{ ?})))
                  (or blank ?\n))
              nil t)
        (push (match-string 1) symbols))
      symbols)))

(defun confpkg--rough-uses-p (file symbols)
  (with-temp-buffer
    (insert-file-contents file)
    (let ((symbols (copy-sequence symbols)) uses-p)
      (while symbols
        (goto-char (point-min))
        (if (re-search-forward (rx word-start (literal (car symbols)) word-end) nil t)
            (setq uses-p t symbols nil)
          (setq symbols (cdr symbols))))
      uses-p)))

(defun confpkg-annotate-list-dependencies ()
  (dolist (confpkg confpkg--list)
    (plist-put confpkg :defines
               (confpkg--rough-extract-definitions
                (plist-get confpkg :file))))
  (dolist (confpkg confpkg--list)
    (let ((after (plist-get confpkg :after))
          requires)
      (dolist (other-confpkg confpkg--list)
        (when (and (not (eq other-confpkg confpkg))
                   (confpkg--rough-uses-p (plist-get confpkg :file)
                                          (plist-get other-confpkg :defines)))
          (push (plist-get other-confpkg :package) requires)))
      (when (and after (symbolp after))
        (push after requires))
      (plist-put confpkg :requires requires))))

(defun confpkg-write-dependencies ()
  (dolist (confpkg confpkg--list)
    (when (plist-get confpkg :requires)
      (with-temp-buffer
        (setq buffer-file-name (plist-get confpkg :file))
        (insert-file-contents buffer-file-name)
        (re-search-forward "^;;; Code:\n")
        (insert "\n")
        (dolist (req (plist-get confpkg :requires))
          (insert (format "(require '%s)\n" req)))
        (write-region nil nil buffer-file-name)
        (set-buffer-modified-p nil)))))

;; Commenting package statements

(defun confpkg-comment-out-package-statements ()
  (dolist (confpkg confpkg--list)
    (with-temp-buffer
      (setq buffer-file-name (plist-get confpkg :file))
      (insert-file-contents buffer-file-name)
      (goto-char (point-min))
      (re-search-forward "^;;; Code:\n")
      (let ((comment-start ";")
            (comment-padding "   ")
            (comment-end "")
            statements)
        (while (re-search-forward "(\\(package!\\|unpin!\\)" nil t)
          (let* ((start (copy-marker (match-beginning 0)))
                 (end (progn (goto-char start)
                             (forward-sexp 1)
                             (if (looking-at "[\t ]*;.*")
                                 (line-end-position)
                               (point))))
                 (contents (buffer-substring start end)))
            (plist-put confpkg :package-statements
                       (nconc (plist-get confpkg :package-statements)
                              (list contents)))
            (delete-region start (1+ end))
            (re-search-backward "^;;; Code:")
            (beginning-of-line)
            (unless statements
              (insert ";;  Package statements:\n")
              (setq statements t))
            (insert contents)
            (unless (string-suffix-p "\n" contents)
              (insert "\n"))
            (goto-char start)))
        (when statements
          (re-search-backward "^;;; Code:")
          (comment-region
           (save-excursion
             (re-search-backward "^;;  Package statements:")
             (forward-line)
             (point))
           (point)
           2)
          (insert ";;\n")))
      (when (buffer-modified-p)
        (write-region nil nil buffer-file-name)
        (set-buffer-modified-p nil)))))

(defun confpkg-create-config ()
  (let ((revert-without-query '("config\\.el"))
        (keywords (org-collect-keywords '("AUTHOR" "EMAIL")))
        (original-buffer (current-buffer)))
    (with-temp-buffer
      (insert
       (format ";;; config.el -*- lexical-binding: t; -*-

;; SPDX-FileCopyrightText: © 2023-%s %s <%s>
;; SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

;; Generated at %s from the literate configuration.

(add-to-list 'load-path %S)\n"
               (format-time-string "%Y")
               (cadr (assoc "AUTHOR" keywords))
               (cadr (assoc "EMAIL" keywords))
               (format-time-string "%FT%T%z")
               (replace-regexp-in-string
                (regexp-quote (getenv "HOME")) "~"
                (expand-file-name "subconf/"))))
      (mapc
       (lambda (confpkg)
         (insert
          (if (eq 'none (plist-get confpkg :via))
              (format "\n;;; %s intentionally omitted.\n" (plist-get confpkg :name))
            (with-temp-buffer
              (cond
               ((eq 'copy (plist-get confpkg :via))
                (insert-file-contents (plist-get confpkg :file))
                (goto-char (point-min))
                (narrow-to-region
                 (re-search-forward "^;;; Code:\n+")
                 (progn
                   (goto-char (point-max))
                   (re-search-backward (format "[^\n\t ][\n\t ]*\n[\t ]*(provide '%s)" (plist-get confpkg :package)))
                   (match-end 0))))
               ((eq 'require (plist-get confpkg :via))
                (insert (format "(require '%s)\n" (plist-get confpkg :package))))
               (t (insert (format "(warn \"%s confpkg :via has unrecognised value: %S\" %S %S)"
                                  (plist-get confpkg :name) (plist-get confpkg :via)))))
              (goto-char (point-min))
              (insert "\n;;:------------------------"
                      "\n;;; " (plist-get confpkg :name)
                      "\n;;:------------------------\n\n")
              (when (plist-get confpkg :defines)
                (insert ";; This block defines "
                        (mapconcat
                         (lambda (d) (format "`%s'" d))
                         (plist-get confpkg :defines)
                         ", ")
                        ".")
                (when (re-search-backward "\\([^, ]+\\), \\([^, ]+\\), \\([^, ]+\\).\\="
                                          (line-beginning-position) t)
                  (replace-match "\\1, \\2, and \\3."))
                (when (re-search-backward "\\([^, ]+\\), \\([^, ]+\\).\\="
                                          (line-beginning-position) t)
                  (replace-match "\\1 and \\2."))
                (insert "\n\n")
                (forward-line -2)
                (setq-local comment-start ";")
                (fill-comment-paragraph)
                (forward-paragraph 1)
                (forward-line 1))
              (if (equal (plist-get confpkg :package) "config-confpkg-timings")
                  (progn
                    (goto-char (point-max))
                    (insert "\n\n\
(confpkg-create-record 'doom-pre-config (float-time (time-subtract (current-time) before-init-time)))
(confpkg-start-record 'config)
(confpkg-create-record 'config-defered 0.0 'config)
(confpkg-create-record 'set-hooks 0.0 'config-defered)
(confpkg-create-record 'load-hooks 0.0 'config-defered)
(confpkg-create-record 'requires 0.0 'root)\n"))
                (let ((after (plist-get confpkg :after))
                      (pre (and (plist-get confpkg :pre)
                                (org-babel-expand-noweb-references
                                 (list "emacs-lisp"
                                       (format "<<%s>>" (plist-get confpkg :pre))
                                       '((:noweb . "yes")
                                         (:comments . "none")))
                                 original-buffer)))
                      (name (replace-regexp-in-string
                             "config--?" ""
                             (plist-get confpkg :package))))
                  (if after
                      (insert (format "(confpkg-with-record '%S\n"
                                      (list (concat "hook: " name) 'set-hooks))
                              (if pre
                                  (concat ";; Begin pre\n" pre "\n;; End pre\n")
                                "")
                              (format (if (symbolp after) ; If single feature.
                                          "  (with-eval-after-load '%s\n"
                                        "  (after! %s\n")
                                      after))
                    (when pre
                      (insert "\n;; Begin pre (unnecesary since after is unused)\n"
                              pre
                              "\n;; End pre\n")))
                  (insert
                   (format "(confpkg-with-record '%S\n"
                           (list (concat "load: " name)
                                 (if after 'load-hooks 'config)))))
                (goto-char (point-max))
                (when (string-match-p ";" (thing-at-point 'line))
                  (insert "\n"))
                (insert ")")
                (when (plist-get confpkg :after)
                  (insert "))"))
                (insert "\n"))
              (buffer-string)))))
       (let ((confpkg-timings ;; Ensure timings is put first.
              (cl-some (lambda (p) (and (equal (plist-get p :package) "config-confpkg-timings") p))
                       confpkg--list)))
         (append (list confpkg-timings)
                 (nreverse (remove confpkg-timings confpkg--list)))))
      (insert "\n(confpkg-finish-record 'config)\n\n;;; config.el ends here")
      (write-region nil nil "config.el" nil :silent))))

;; Cleanup

(defun confpkg-cleanup ()
  (org-fold-core-ignore-fragility-checks
    (org-babel-map-executables nil
      (when (and (eq (org-element-type (org-element-context)) 'babel-call)
                 (equal (org-element-property :call (org-element-context)) "confpkg"))
        (org-babel-remove-result)
        (org-entry-delete nil "header-args:emacs-lisp")))))

;; Finaliser

(defun confpkg-tangle-finalise ()
  (remove-hook 'org-babel-tangle-finished-hook #'confpkg-tangle-finalise)
  (revert-buffer t t t)
  (confpkg-comment-out-package-statements)
  (confpkg-annotate-list-dependencies)
  (confpkg-create-config)
  (confpkg-write-dependencies)
  (message "Processed %s elisp files" (length confpkg--list)))

;; Clear old files

(make-directory "subconf" t)
(dolist (conf-file (directory-files "subconf" t "config-.*\\.el"))
  (delete-file conf-file))

(add-hook 'org-babel-tangle-finished-hook #'confpkg-tangle-finalise)
#+end_src

#+call: confpkg-setup[:results none]()

*** Confpkg Dispatch

#+name: confpkg
#+begin_src elisp :var name="" needs="" after="" pre="" prefix="config-" via="copy" :results silent raw :noweb no-export
;; Babel block for use with #+call
;; Arguments:
;;  - name, the name of the config sub-package
;;  - needs, (when non-empty) required system executable(s)
;;  - after, required features
;;  - pre, a noweb reference to code that should be executed eagerly,
;;    and not deferred via after. The code is not included in the
;;    generated .el file and should only be used in dire situations.
;;  - prefix, the package prefix ("config-" by default)
;;  - via, how this configuration should be included in config.el,
;;    the current options are:
;;    + "copy", copy the configuration lisp
;;    + "require", insert a require statement
;;    + "none", do not do anything to load this configuration.
;;      This only makes sense when configuration is either being
;;      temporarily disabled or loaded indirectly/elsewhere.
(when (or (string-empty-p needs)
          (cl-every #'executable-find (delq nil (split-string needs ","))))
  (let* ((name (if (string-empty-p name)
                   (save-excursion
                     (and (org-back-to-heading-or-point-min t)
                          (substring-no-properties
                           (org-element-interpret-data
                            (org-element-property :title (org-element-at-point))))))
                 name))
         (after
          (cond
           ((string-empty-p after) nil)
           ((string-match-p "\\`[^()]+\\'" after)
            (intern after)) ; Single feature.
           (t after)))
         (pre (and (not (string-empty-p pre)) pre))
         (confpkg-name
          (concat prefix (replace-regexp-in-string
                          "[^a-z-]" "-" (downcase name))))
         (confpkg-file (expand-file-name (concat confpkg-name ".el")
                                         "subconf")))
    (unless (file-exists-p confpkg-file)
      (make-empty-file confpkg-file t))
    (cl-incf confpkg--num)
    (org-set-property
     "header-args:emacs-lisp"
     (format ":noweb no-export :tangle no :noweb-ref %s" confpkg-name))
    (push (list :name name
                :package confpkg-name
                :file confpkg-file
                :after after
                :pre pre
                :via (intern via)
                :package-statements nil)
          confpkg--list)
    (format-spec
     "#+begin_src emacs-lisp :tangle %f :noweb no-export :noweb-ref none :comments no
<<confpkg-template>>
,#+end_src"
     `((?n . ,confpkg--num)
       (?p . ,confpkg-name)
       (?f . ,confpkg-file)
       (?Y . ,(format-time-string "%Y"))
       (?B . ,(format-time-string "%B"))
       (?m . ,(format-time-string "%m"))
       (?d . ,(format-time-string "%d"))
       (?M . ,(format-time-string "%M"))
       (?S . ,(format-time-string "%S"))))))
#+end_src

#+name: confpkg-template
#+begin_src emacs-lisp :eval no
;;; %p.el --- Generated package (no.%n) from my config -*- lexical-binding: t; -*-
;;
;; Copyright (C) %Y Kiana Sheibani
;;
;; Author: Kiana Sheibani <kiana.a.sheibani@gmail.com>
;; Created: %B %d, %Y
;; Modified: %B %d, %Y
;; Version: %Y.%m.%d
;;
;; This file is not part of GNU Emacs.
;;
;;; Commentary:
;;
;;  Generated package (no.%n) from my config.
;;
;;  This is liable to have unstated dependencies, and reply on other bits of
;;  state from other configuration blocks. Only use this if you know /exactly/
;;  what you are doing.
;;
;;  This may function nicely as a bit of self-contained functionality, or it
;;  might be a horrid mix of functionalities and state.
;;
;;  Hopefully, in future static analysis will allow this to become more
;;  properly package-like.
;;
;;; Code:

<<%p>>

(provide '%p)
;;; %p.el ends here
#+end_src

*** Quieter Output

#+name: confpkg-quieter-output
#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(when noninteractive
  (unless (fboundp 'doom-shut-up-a)
    (defun doom-shut-up-a (fn &rest args)
      (let ((standard-output #'ignore)
            (inhibit-message t))
        (apply fn args))))
  (advice-add 'org-babel-expand-body:emacs-lisp :around #'doom-shut-up-a)
  ;; Quiet some other annoying messages
  (advice-add 'sh-set-shell :around #'doom-shut-up-a)
  (advice-add 'rng-what-schema :around #'doom-shut-up-a)
  (advice-add 'python-indent-guess-indent-offset :around #'doom-shut-up-a))
#+end_src

#+call: confpkg-quieter-output()

*** CLI

#+begin_src emacs-lisp :tangle cli.el :noweb-ref none
;;; cli.el -*- lexical-binding: t; -*-
(setq org-confirm-babel-evaluate nil)

(defun doom-shut-up-a (orig-fn &rest args)
  (quiet! (apply orig-fn args)))

(advice-add 'org-babel-execute-src-block :around #'doom-shut-up-a)
#+end_src

*** Timings

#+call: confpkg("Confpkg timings")

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(defvar confpkg-load-time-tree (list (list 'root)))
(defvar confpkg-record-branch (list 'root))
(defvar confpkg-record-num 0)

(defun confpkg-create-record (name elapsed &optional parent enclosing)
  (let ((parent (assoc (or parent (car confpkg-record-branch))
                       confpkg-load-time-tree))
        (record (cons name (list (list 'self
                                       :name (format "%s" name)
                                       :num (cl-incf confpkg-record-num)
                                       :elapsed elapsed
                                       :enclosing enclosing)))))
    (push record confpkg-load-time-tree)
    (push record (cdr parent))
    record))

(defun confpkg-start-record (name &optional parent)
  (let ((record (confpkg-create-record name 0.0e+NaN parent t)))
    (plist-put (cdadr record) :start (float-time))
    (push name confpkg-record-branch)
    record))

(defun confpkg-finish-record (name)
  (let ((self-record (cdar (last (cdr (assoc name confpkg-load-time-tree))))))
    (plist-put self-record :elapsed
               (- (float-time) (plist-get self-record :start) 0.0))
    (unless (equal (car confpkg-record-branch) name)
      (message "Warning: Confpkg timing record expected to finish %S, instead found %S. %S"
               name (car confpkg-record-branch) confpkg-record-branch))
    (setq confpkg-record-branch (cdr confpkg-record-branch))))

(defmacro confpkg-with-record (name &rest body)
  "Create a time record around BODY.
The record must have a NAME."
  (declare (indent 1))
  (let ((name-val (make-symbol "name-val"))
        (record-spec (make-symbol "record-spec")))
    `(let* ((,name-val ,name)
            (,record-spec (if (consp ,name-val) ,name-val (list ,name-val))))
       (apply #'confpkg-start-record ,record-spec)
       (unwind-protect
           (progn ,@body)
         (confpkg-finish-record (car ,record-spec))))))

(defadvice! +require--log-timing-a (orig-fn feature &optional filename noerror)
  :around #'require
  (if (or (featurep feature)
          (eq feature 'cus-start) ; HACK Why!?!
          (assoc (format "require: %s" feature) confpkg-load-time-tree))
      (funcall orig-fn feature filename noerror)
    (confpkg-with-record (list (format "require: %s" feature)
                               (and (eq (car confpkg-record-branch) 'root)
                                    'requires))
      (funcall orig-fn feature filename noerror))))

(defun confpkg-timings-report (&optional sort-p node)
  "Display a report on load-time information.
Supply SORT-P (or the universal argument) to sort the results.
NODE defaults to the root node."
  (interactive
   (list (and current-prefix-arg t)))
  (let ((buf (get-buffer-create "*Confpkg Load Time Report*"))
        (depth 0)
        num-pad name-pad max-time max-total-time max-depth)
    (cl-labels
        ((sort-records-by-time
          (record)
          (let ((self (assoc 'self record)))
            (append (list self)
                    (sort (nreverse (remove self (cdr record)))
                          (lambda (a b)
                            (> (or (plist-get (alist-get 'self a) :total) 0.0)
                               (or (plist-get (alist-get 'self b) :total) 0.0)))))))
         (print-record
          (record)
          (cond
           ((eq (car record) 'self)
            (insert
             (propertize
              (string-pad (number-to-string (plist-get (cdr record) :num)) num-pad)
              'face 'font-lock-keyword-face)
             " "
             (propertize
              (apply #'concat
                     (make-list (1- depth) "• "))
              'face 'font-lock-comment-face)
             (string-pad (format "%s" (plist-get (cdr record) :name)) name-pad)
             (make-string (* (- max-depth depth) 2) ?\s)
             (propertize
              (format "%.4fs" (plist-get (cdr record) :elapsed))
              'face
              (list :foreground
                    (doom-blend 'orange 'green
                                (/ (plist-get (cdr record) :elapsed) max-time))))
             (if (= (plist-get (cdr record) :elapsed)
                    (plist-get (cdr record) :total))
                 ""
               (concat "   (Σ="
                       (propertize
                        (format "%.3fs" (plist-get (cdr record) :total))
                        'face
                        (list :foreground
                              (doom-blend 'orange 'green
                                          (/ (plist-get (cdr record) :total) max-total-time))))
                       ")"))
             "\n"))
           (t
            (cl-incf depth)
            (mapc
             #'print-record
             (if sort-p
                 (sort-records-by-time record)
               (reverse (cdr record))))
            (cl-decf depth))))
         (flatten-records
          (records)
          (if (eq (car records) 'self)
              (list records)
            (mapcan
             #'flatten-records
             (reverse (cdr records)))))
         (tree-depth
          (records &optional depth)
          (if (eq (car records) 'self)
              (or depth 0)
            (1+ (cl-reduce #'max (cdr records) :key #'tree-depth))))
         (mapreduceprop
          (list map reduce prop)
          (cl-reduce
           reduce list
           :key
           (lambda (p) (funcall map (plist-get (cdr p) prop)))))
         (elaborate-timings
          (record)
          (if (eq (car record) 'self)
              (plist-get (cdr record) :elapsed)
            (let ((total (cl-reduce #'+ (cdr record)
                                    :key #'elaborate-timings))
                  (self (cdr (assoc 'self record))))
              (if (plist-get self :enclosing)
                  (prog1
                      (plist-get self :elapsed)
                    (plist-put self :total (plist-get self :elapsed))
                    (plist-put self :elapsed
                               (- (* 2 (plist-get self :elapsed)) total)))
                (plist-put self :total total)
                total))))
         (elaborated-timings
          (record)
          (let ((record (copy-tree record)))
            (elaborate-timings record)
            record)))
      (let* ((tree
              (elaborated-timings
               (append '(root)
                       (copy-tree
                        (alist-get (or node 'root)
                                   confpkg-load-time-tree
                                   nil nil #'equal))
                       '((self :num 0 :elapsed 0)))))
             (flat-records
              (cl-remove-if
               (lambda (rec) (= (plist-get (cdr rec) :num) 0))
               (flatten-records tree))))
        (setq max-time (mapreduceprop flat-records #'identity #'max :elapsed)
              max-total-time (mapreduceprop flat-records #'identity #'max :total)
              name-pad (mapreduceprop flat-records #'length #'max :name)
              num-pad (mapreduceprop flat-records
                                     (lambda (n) (length (number-to-string n)))
                                     #'max :num)
              max-depth (tree-depth tree))
        (with-current-buffer buf
          (erase-buffer)
          (setq-local outline-regexp "[0-9]+ *\\(?:• \\)*")
          (outline-minor-mode 1)
          (use-local-map (make-sparse-keymap))
          (local-set-key "TAB" #'outline-toggle-children)
          (local-set-key "\t" #'outline-toggle-children)
          (local-set-key (kbd "<backtab>") #'outline-show-subtree)
          (local-set-key (kbd "C-<iso-lefttab>")
                         (eval `(cmd! (if current-prefix-arg
                                          (outline-show-all)
                                        (outline-hide-sublevels (+ ,num-pad 2))))))
          (insert
           (propertize
            (concat (string-pad "#" num-pad) " "
                    (string-pad "Confpkg"
                                (+ name-pad (* 2 max-depth) -3))
                    (format " Load Time (Σ=%.3fs)\n"
                            (plist-get (cdr (assoc 'self tree)) :total)))
            'face '(:inherit (tab-bar-tab bold) :extend t :underline t)))
          (dolist (record (if sort-p
                              (sort-records-by-time tree)
                            (reverse (cdr tree))))
            (unless (eq (car record) 'self)
              (print-record record)))
          (set-buffer-modified-p nil)
          (goto-char (point-min)))
        (pop-to-buffer buf)))))
#+end_src

* Doom Modules

One of Doom Emacs's most useful features is its modular configuration system, allowing configuration code to be sectioned into modules that can be enabled or customized individually. Doom provides a full suite of prewritten modules to enable.

#+begin_src emacs-lisp :tangle init.el :noweb no-export
;;; init.el -*- lexical-binding: t; -*-

;; This file controls what Doom modules are enabled and what order they load in.

(doom! <<doom-input>>

       <<doom-completion>>

       <<doom-ui>>

       <<doom-editor>>

       <<doom-emacs>>

       <<doom-term>>

       <<doom-checkers>>

       <<doom-tools>>

       <<doom-os>>

       <<doom-lang>>

       <<doom-email>>

       <<doom-app>>

       <<doom-config>>
       )
#+end_src

** Config Modules

Since this is a literate config, the corresponding ~:config literate~ module is necessary. We'll also turn on some of the default config options too.

#+name: doom-config
#+begin_src emacs-lisp
:config
literate
(default +bindings +smartparens)
#+end_src

** Completion

I'm a big fan of the Vertico ecosystem, as it's lightweight and easy to use. Let's turn on that module, along with the icons flag because why not.

#+name: doom-completion
#+begin_src emacs-lisp
:completion
(vertico +icons)
(corfu +icons +orderless)
#+end_src

** Checkers

The two most common syntax checking engines seem to be =flymake= and =flycheck=. =flymake= is built in to Emacs, is generally faster and currently has better support in the ecosystem, so let's use that one.

We'll also enable a dedicated spell checking module using ~aspell~, as that seems to be the recommended option.

#+name: doom-checkers
#+begin_src emacs-lisp
:checkers
(syntax +flymake +childframe)
(spell +aspell)
;;grammar
#+end_src

** UI

Most of these are either defaults that come with Doom Emacs or just recommended, but here are the highlights:

- ~vi-tilde-fringe~ because I like how it looks
- ~(window-select +numbers)~ because multiple windows are too inconvenient without an easy way to switch between them
- ~file-templates~ and ~snippets~ because typing is hard
- ~(format +onsave)~ because I don't want to have to remember to run a formatter
- ~direnv~ because I'm a nix user
- Icons!

#+name: doom-ui
#+begin_src emacs-lisp
:ui
deft
doom
doom-dashboard
;;doom-quit
;;(emoji +unicode)
hl-todo
;;hydra
indent-guides
;;ligatures
;;minimap
modeline
;;nav-flash
;;neotree
ophints
(popup +defaults)
;;tabs
(treemacs +lsp)
unicode
(vc-gutter +diff-hl +pretty)
vi-tilde-fringe
(window-select +numbers)
workspaces
;;zen
#+end_src

#+name: doom-editor
#+begin_src emacs-lisp
:editor
(evil +everywhere)
file-templates
fold
(format +onsave)
;;god
;;lispy
;;multiple-cursors
;;objed
;;parinfer
;;rotate-text
snippets
word-wrap
#+end_src

#+name: doom-tools
#+begin_src emacs-lisp
:tools
;;ansible
biblio
;;collab
;;debugger
direnv
;;docker
;;editorconfig
;;ein
(eval +overlay)
;;gist
(lookup +docsets)
lsp
(magit +forge)
make
pass
pdf
;;prodigy
;;rgb
;;terraform
tree-sitter
;;tmux
;;upload
#+end_src

#+name: doom-emacs
#+begin_src emacs-lisp
:emacs
(dired +icons)
electric
(ibuffer +icons)
(undo +tree)
vc
#+end_src

#+name: doom-os
#+begin_src emacs-lisp
:os
tty
#+end_src

** Apps

Who doesn't love doing everything in Emacs?

#+name: doom-term
#+begin_src emacs-lisp
:term
vterm
#+end_src

#+name: doom-email
#+begin_src emacs-lisp
:email
(mu4e +org +gmail)
#+end_src

#+name: doom-app
#+begin_src emacs-lisp
:app
calendar
;;emms
everywhere
;;irc
;;(rss +org)   ; One day...
;;twitter
#+end_src


** Language Modules

Doom Emacs provides a large collection of modules for different languages. Which is good, because setting up language mode packages is kind of annoying.

#+name: doom-lang
#+begin_src emacs-lisp
:lang
(agda +tree-sitter +local)
;;beancount
;;(cc +lsp)
;;clojure
;;common-lisp
;;coq
;;crystal
;;csharp
data
;;(dart +flutter)
dhall
;;elixir
;;elm
emacs-lisp
;;erlang
;;ess
;;factor
;;faust
;;fortran
;;fsharp
;;fstar
;;gdscript
;;(go +lsp)
;;(graphql +lsp)
(haskell +lsp)
;;hy
idris
;;json
;;(java +lsp)
;;javascript
;;julia
;;kotlin
(latex +lsp)
;;lean
;;ledger
;;lua
markdown
;;nim
(nix +tree-sitter)
;;ocaml
(org +roam2 +present
    +gnuplot +jupyter
    +pandoc +journal)
;;php
;;plantuml
;;purescript
(python +lsp +tree-sitter)
;;qt
;;racket
;;raku
;;rest
;;rst
;;(ruby +rails)
(rust +lsp +tree-sitter)
(scala +lsp +tree-sitter)
;;(scheme +guile)
(sh +fish +lsp +tree-sitter)
;;sml
;;solidity
;;swift
;;terra
(web +lsp +tree-sitter)
yaml
;;zig
#+end_src

* Basic Configuration

This is mostly config settings that don't belong to any particular package and aren't important enough to get their own major section.

** Sensible Settings

#+call: confpkg("Settings")

It wouldn't be Emacs if there wasn't an endless list of config variables to change every aspect of its function!

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(setq-default tab-width 2                      ; 2 width tabs
              delete-by-moving-to-trash t      ; Delete files to trash
              window-combination-resize t      ; Resize windows more evenly
              )

(setq compile-command "nix build"
      truncate-string-ellipsis "…"             ; Unicode!
      shell-file-name (executable-find "bash") ; Use bash instead of fish for default shell
      disabled-command-function nil            ; Disabled commands are a stupid idea
      password-cache-expiry nil                ; Security? Never heard of it
      scroll-margin 2                          ; A few extra lines on each end of the window
      )

(global-subword-mode 1)
#+end_src

Thanks once again to Tecosaur for some of these settings.

** Personal Information

#+call: confpkg()

Emacs uses this basic personal information for a few different things, mostly applications.

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(setq user-full-name "Kiana Sheibani"
      user-mail-address "kiana.a.sheibani@gmail.com")
#+end_src

** Authentication

#+call: confpkg("Auth")

I don't want my cache files to get deleted whenever I mess up my Doom install, so let's move them to somewhere more safe.

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(require 'auth-source-pass)
(setq auth-sources '(password-store "~/.authinfo.gpg")
      auth-source-cache-expiry nil)
#+end_src

** Bindings

#+call: confpkg()

*** Windows & Workspaces

I like using window numbers to navigate between splitscreen windows, but having to type =SPC w <#>= every time is annoying. Let's shorten that key sequence by 33%, and also throw in a convenient binding for switching to =treemacs=.

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(map! :leader
      ;; Bind "SPC 0" to treemacs
      ;; Map window bindings to "SPC 1" through "SPC 9"
      "w 0" #'treemacs-select-window
      :desc "Select project tree window" "0" #'treemacs-select-window
      :desc "Select window 1" "1" #'winum-select-window-1
      :desc "Select window 2" "2" #'winum-select-window-2
      :desc "Select window 3" "3" #'winum-select-window-3
      :desc "Select window 4" "4" #'winum-select-window-4
      :desc "Select window 5" "5" #'winum-select-window-5
      :desc "Select window 6" "6" #'winum-select-window-6
      :desc "Select window 7" "7" #'winum-select-window-7
      :desc "Select window 8" "8" #'winum-select-window-8
      :desc "Select window 9" "9" #'winum-select-window-9)
#+end_src

Now =SPC 1= will work equivalently to =SPC w 1=. Efficiency!

I like to reorganize my workspaces, so we can also add bindings to change the workspace order.

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(map! :leader
      :desc "Move workspace left"
      "TAB h" #'+workspace/swap-left
      :desc "Move workspace right"
      "TAB l" #'+workspace/swap-right)
#+end_src

*** Leader Key

It's sometimes useful to have a ~universal-argument~ binding that doesn't go through the leader key.

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(map! :map global-map
      "M-u" #'universal-argument)
#+end_src

It's also sometimes useful to have an ~evil-ex~ binding that /does/ go through the leader key.

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(map! :leader
      "w :" nil
      ":" #'evil-ex)
#+end_src

*** Evil Macros

Seeing as it's practically the Evil Emacs version of =C-g=, I often end up accidentally pressing =q= in a non-popup buffer, which starts recording a macro. That's very annoying, and I don't use macros enough to justify that annoyance.

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(map! :map evil-normal-state-map
      "q" nil
      "C-q" #'evil-record-macro)
#+end_src

*** Creating New Projects

Whenever I want to make a new project, having to create a new directory, initialize Git, and register it with Projectile is cumbersome. A new command to do all of those steps in one go sounds like a good idea.

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(defun create-new-project (dir type &optional parents)
  "Create a new directory DIR and add it to the list of known projects.

TYPE specifies the type of project to create. It can take the following values:
- `git', which creates a new Git repository.
- `projectile', which creates a .projectile file in the project root.
- A string, which is used as a filename to create in the project root.
- A function, which is called with no arguments inside the root of the project.
When called interactively, this defaults to `git' unless a prefix arg is given.

If PARENTS is non-nil, the parents of the specified directory will also be created."
  (interactive (list (read-directory-name "Create new project: ")
                     (if current-prefix-arg
                         (intern (completing-read "Project type: "
                                                  '("git" "projectile") nil t))
                       'git) t))
  (make-directory dir parents)
  (let ((default-directory dir))
    (pcase type
      ('git
       (shell-command "git init"))
      ('projectile
       (make-empty-file ".projectile"))
      ((pred stringp)
       (make-empty-file type))
      ((pred functionp)
       (funcall type))))
  (projectile-add-known-project dir))

(map! :leader
      :desc "Create new project"
      "p n" #'create-new-project)

#+end_src

*** Misc.

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(map! :leader
      :desc "Open URL"
      "s u" #'goto-address-at-point)
#+end_src

*** ... This is Also Here

I'm not even going to bother explaining this one. Emacs is just janky sometimes lol

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(defadvice! ~/projectile-find-file (invalidate-cache &optional ff-variant)
  :override #'projectile--find-file
  (projectile-maybe-invalidate-cache invalidate-cache)
  (let* ((project-root (projectile-acquire-root))
         (file (read-file-name "Find file: " project-root project-root
                               (confirm-nonexistent-file-or-buffer) nil
                               ))
         (ff (or ff-variant #'find-file)))
    (when file
      (funcall ff (expand-file-name file project-root))
      (run-hooks 'projectile-find-file-hook))))
#+end_src

** Automated Nix Builds

#+call: confpkg("Nix")

Some packages in this config such as =treemacs=, =org-roam=, etc. require certain tools to be in the environment. On a Nix-based system, there are a few different ways to handle this:

1. Put that tool in the actual environment, e.g. in a profile. This makes sense for simple things (=ripgrep=, =sqlite=, etc) but for more opinionated things like an instance of Python it becomes less desirable.
2. Build the tool and put a symlink to the output somewhere, e.g. in the HOME directory. This avoids polluting the environment, but you still have to deal with an unwieldy symlink that breaks Emacs if you accidentally delete it.
   This was my approach before coming up with the third option:
3. Build the tool and point Emacs directly to the store path. This is the simplest solution, but requires the most complex Emacs configuration.

This section is an implementation of that third solution.

We first need a function to build a flake reference:

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(defun nix-build-out-path (out &optional impure)
  "Build the given flake output OUT and return the output path. Return
nil if the build fails.

If IMPURE is t, then allow impure builds."
  (require 'nix) (require 's)
  (with-temp-message (format "Building \"%s\" ..." out)
    (with-temp-buffer
      (let* ((args `("build" "--no-link" "--print-out-paths"
                     ,@(if impure "--impure") ,out))
             (status (apply #'call-process nix-executable nil
                            (list (current-buffer) nil) nil args)))
        (when (eql status 0)
          (s-trim (buffer-string)))))))
#+end_src

This works well enough if we just want to build something, but there's a problem: we haven't indicated to Nix that we want this output to stick around, so it will be deleted the next time we garbage collect. To fix this, we can write a wrapper function that also makes the output path a garbage collection root.

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(defun nix-build-out-path-gcroot (name out &optional impure)
  "Build the given flake output OUT, register its output path as
a garbage collection root under NAME, and return the output path.
Return nil if the build fails.

The GC root is placed under \"/nix/var/nix/gcroots/emacs/NAME\". If
a call to this function reuses the same NAME argument, then the
symlink is overwritten.

If IMPURE is t, then allow impure builds."
  (when-let* ((path (nix-build-out-path out impure))
              (gcdir "/nix/var/nix/gcroots/emacs")
              (sym (expand-file-name name gcdir)))
    (unless (equal path (file-symlink-p sym))
      (require 'tramp)
      (make-directory (concat "/sudo::" gcdir) t)
      (make-symbolic-link path (concat "/sudo::" sym) t))
    path))
#+end_src

* Aesthetics

#+call: confpkg("Visual")

If you're going to be staring at your screen for hours a day, you might as well make the thing you're staring at look nice.

** Theme

My favorite color theme has always been Tokyo Night. I use it literally everywhere I can, and Doom Emacs is no exception.

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(setq doom-theme 'doom-tokyo-night)
#+end_src

** Fonts

Victor Mono is my preferred coding font. I also use Source Sans Pro as my sans-serif font, though that is more an arbitrary pick than actually liking how it looks.

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(setq doom-font (font-spec :family "VictorMono" :size 13)
      doom-variable-pitch-font (font-spec :family "Source Sans Pro" :size 16))
#+end_src

I'm a very big fan of how italics look in Victor Mono, so let's make more things italicized! While we're here, we'll also set doom's modified buffer font to be orange instead of yellow (I like how it looks better).

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(custom-set-faces!
  '(font-lock-comment-face :slant italic)
  '(font-lock-variable-name-face :slant italic)
  `(doom-modeline-buffer-modified
    :foreground ,(doom-color 'orange)
    :weight bold
    :inherit doom-modeline))
#+end_src

Some other small aesthetic changes:

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(setq nerd-icons-scale-factor 1.1     ; Make icons slightly larger
      doom-modeline-height 24         ; Make Doom's modeline taller
      display-line-numbers-type t)    ; Line numbers (absolute)
#+end_src

** Line Wrapping

#+call: confpkg("Line Wrapping")

I have rather specific tastes when it comes to line wrapping. I like soft line wrapping (~visual-line-mode~), but I want it to be as seamless as possible.

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(setq +word-wrap-fill-style 'soft      ; Soft line wrapping
      evil-respect-visual-line-mode t  ; Respect visual line mode
      )
(setq-default fill-column 90)      ; More space before wrap
#+end_src

*** Hacks

**** Evil

For some reason, telling Evil to respect soft line wrapping doesn't change the behavior of =j= and =k=, so I'll do that myself.

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(after! evil
  (evil-define-motion evil-next-line (count)
    "Move the cursor COUNT lines down."
    :type line
    (let ((line-move-visual evil-respect-visual-line-mode))
      (evil-line-move (or count 1))))
  (evil-define-motion evil-previous-line (count)
    "Move the cursor COUNT lines up."
    :type line
    (let ((line-move-visual evil-respect-visual-line-mode))
      (evil-line-move (- (or count 1))))))
#+end_src

**** Modeline

The =visual-fill-column= package works by expanding the window's right margin. This causes the right edge of the modeline to follow the margin as well, which looks a bit strange. As a hacky fix, I've found that configuring the the modeline to align itself to the right fringe instead of the right window edge seems to fix the issue.

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(setq mode-line-right-align-edge 'right-fringe)
#+end_src

**** Line Numbers

When a buffer has line numbers, they can interfere with the margins and make the line smaller than it should be. We can mitigate this issue by adding extra columns to the window.

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(add-hook! display-line-numbers-mode
  (require 'visual-fill-column)
  (when visual-fill-column-mode
    (setq-local visual-fill-column-extra-text-width '(0 . 6))
    (visual-fill-column--adjust-window)))
#+end_src

** Dashboard

#+call: confpkg("Dashboard")

There's a lot of reasons why I don't like Spacemacs and why I left it for Doom Emacs (mainly the fact that it's slow and often opaque to the user), but there's one thing that Spacemacs undoubtedly has Doom beat in:

[[https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/33982951/39624821-a4abccee-4f92-11e8-9e91-3d5b542bbb85.png][Spacemacs's dashboard has /impeccable/ style.]]

Doom Emacs tends to favor practicality over aesthetics, and its dashboard is no exception. If we want something that looks visually appealing, we're going to need a serious overhaul.

*** Splash Banner

The Doom dashboard allows the use of an image for its banner, which supports any image type Emacs can display, including SVG. I have procured an SVG image to use for my dashboard, the classic Emacs E:

#+attr_html: :width 150px
[[file:assets/splash.svg]]

The obvious choice for the fill color of the image would have been purple, the standard highlight color of my theme, but I wanted the banner to pop out a bit more.

The image can be set like thus:

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(setq fancy-splash-image
      (expand-file-name "assets/splash.svg" doom-private-dir))
#+end_src

*** Title

Since our banner no longer includes a title, we should add one after the splash image. This title format is inspired by Spacemacs!

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(defface doom-dashboard-title
  '((t (:weight bold :inherit warning)))
  "Face used for the Doom Emacs title on the dashboard."
  :group 'doom-dashboard)

(setq +doom-dashboard-banner-padding '(0 . 3))
(defvar +doom-dashboard-title-padding 3)

(defun doom-dashboard-widget-title ()
  (when (display-graphic-p)
    (insert (propertize
             (+doom-dashboard--center
              +doom-dashboard--width
              "[D O O M  E M A C S]")
             'face 'doom-dashboard-title)
            (make-string +doom-dashboard-title-padding ?\n))))
#+end_src

To add the title to the dashboard, we create a new widget that inserts the title string with some padding. We only do this on graphical displays, as non-graphical ones fall back on the default ASCII banner, which includes a title.

*** Other Tweaks

We'll put our title widget into the ~+doom-dashboard-functions~ hook, and while we're at it we'll also get rid of the footer widget, which I don't see much use for.

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(setq +doom-dashboard-functions
      '(doom-dashboard-widget-banner
        doom-dashboard-widget-title
        doom-dashboard-widget-shortmenu
        doom-dashboard-widget-loaded))
#+end_src

We should also declutter some other aspects of the dashboard. Since the dashboard has load information built into it, I don't see much purpose in printing it to the minibuffer on startup.

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(remove-hook 'doom-after-init-hook #'doom-display-benchmark-h)
#+end_src

* Packages

Now that we've enabled our preferred modules and done some basic configuration, we can install and configure our packages.

Our ~package!~ declarations go in ~packages.el~, which must not be byte-compiled:

#+begin_src emacs-lisp :tangle packages.el
;; -*- no-byte-compile: t; -*-
#+end_src

Everything else goes in ~config.el~, which is managed by [[*=confpkg=][confpkg]] as outlined earlier.

** Corfu

#+call: confpkg("Pkg: corfu")

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(after! corfu
  ;; I don't really use TAB very often, so prefer other actions
  (setq +corfu-want-tab-prefer-navigating-snippets t
        +corfu-want-tab-prefer-expand-snippets t
        +corfu-want-tab-prefer-navigating-org-tables t))
#+end_src

** Eldoc

#+call: confpkg("Pkg: eldoc")

We'll switch the default docstring handler to ~eldoc-documentation-compose~, since that provides the most information and I don't mind the space it takes up.

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(after! eldoc
  (setq eldoc-documentation-strategy 'eldoc-documentation-compose))
#+end_src

** Embark

#+call: confpkg("Pkg: embark")

When I first learned about Embark and began to use it, I was a bit disappointed by its defaults, especially since Doom Emacs is normally great when it comes to ensuring good defaults. I eventually went ahead and looked through every aspect of Embark to see what needed to change.

*** Targets

Some of the targeting functions are a bit too general in what they accept. We'll adjust the expression and identifier targeters to only work in ~prog-mode~ and the "defun" targeter to only work in Emacs Lisp code.

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(defadvice! ~/embark-target-prog-mode (old-fn)
  "Advise an embark target to only activate in `prog-mode'."
  :around #'embark-target-expression-at-point
  (when (derived-mode-p 'prog-mode)
    (funcall old-fn)))

(defadvice! ~/embark-target-identifier (old-fn)
  "Advise an embark target to only activate in `prog-mode' and not in `lsp-mode'."
  :around #'embark-target-identifier-at-point
  (when (and (derived-mode-p 'prog-mode)
             (not (bound-and-true-p lsp-mode)))
    (funcall old-fn)))

(after! embark
  (embark-define-thingatpt-target defun emacs-lisp-mode))
#+end_src

We'll also define a word targeter, since that case was previously handled by the identifier one.

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(defun embark-target-word-at-point ()
  "Target word at point."
  (when (or (derived-mode-p 'text-mode 'help-mode 'Info-mode 'man-common)
            (doom-point-in-comment-p))
    (when-let ((bounds (bounds-of-thing-at-point 'word)))
      (cons 'word (cons (buffer-substring (car bounds) (cdr bounds)) bounds)))))

(after! embark
  (pushnew! embark-target-finders #'embark-target-word-at-point))
#+end_src

*** LSP Integration

The provided action types related to programming only apply to Emacs Lisp code, so we'll add a new one that integrates with LSP.

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(defun embark-target-lsp-symbol-at-point ()
  "Target the LSP symbol at point."
  (when (bound-and-true-p lsp-mode)
    (require 'lsp-ui-doc)
    ;; Use hover request (meant for highlighting) to get the current symbol
    (when-let ((bounds (lsp-ui-doc--extract-bounds
                        (lsp-request "textDocument/hover"
                                     (lsp--text-document-position-params)))))
      (cons 'lsp-symbol
            (cons (buffer-substring (car bounds) (cdr bounds))
                  bounds)))))

(after! embark
  (pushnew! embark-target-finders #'embark-target-lsp-symbol-at-point))
#+end_src

*** Hooks

The hook ~embark--mark-target~ normally sets the mark to the end and puts the point at the beginning. This is the opposite of the usual order, so let's override it to flip the order.

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(after! embark
  (cl-defun embark--mark-target (&rest rest &key run bounds &allow-other-keys)
    "Mark the target if its BOUNDS are known.
After marking the target, call RUN with the REST of its arguments."
    (cond
     ((and bounds run)
      (save-mark-and-excursion
        (set-mark (car bounds))
        (goto-char (cdr bounds))
        (apply run :bounds bounds rest)))
     (bounds ;; used as pre- or post-action hook
      (set-mark (car bounds))
      (goto-char (cdr bounds)))
     (run (apply run rest)))))
#+end_src

*** Actions

We'll be using a lot of new actions, so let's set their hooks.

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(after! embark
  (cl-pushnew #'embark--mark-target
              (alist-get #'evil-change embark-around-action-hooks))
  (cl-pushnew #'embark--mark-target
              (alist-get #'+eval/region embark-around-action-hooks))
  (cl-pushnew #'embark--mark-target
              (alist-get #'+eval/region-and-replace embark-around-action-hooks))

  (cl-pushnew #'embark--beginning-of-target
              (alist-get #'backward-word embark-pre-action-hooks))
  (cl-pushnew #'embark--end-of-target
              (alist-get #'forward-word embark-pre-action-hooks))

  (cl-pushnew #'embark--ignore-target
              (alist-get #'lsp-rename embark-target-injection-hooks))
  (cl-pushnew #'embark--ignore-target
              (alist-get #'+spell/correct embark-target-injection-hooks))

  (cl-pushnew #'embark--universal-argument
              (alist-get #'+workspace/delete embark-pre-action-hooks))
  (cl-pushnew #'embark--restart
              (alist-get #'+workspace/delete embark-post-action-hooks))
  (cl-pushnew #'embark--restart
              (alist-get #'projectile-remove-known-project embark-post-action-hooks))

  ; Actions that retrigger Embark
  (pushnew! embark-repeat-actions
            #'lsp-ui-find-next-reference
            #'lsp-ui-find-prev-reference
            #'forward-word
            #'backward-word
            #'org-table-next-row
            #'+org/table-previous-row
            #'org-table-next-field
            #'org-table-previous-field)

  ; Don't require confirmation on these actions
  (setf (alist-get #'kill-buffer embark-pre-action-hooks nil t) nil
        (alist-get #'embark-kill-buffer-and-window embark-pre-action-hooks nil t) nil
        (alist-get #'bookmark-delete embark-pre-action-hooks nil t) nil
        (alist-get #'tab-bar-close-tab-by-name embark-pre-action-hooks nil t) nil))
#+end_src

*** Keymaps

Here's the big one.

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(defmacro ~/embark-target-wrapper (fn prompt)
  "Wrap the command FN to take its argument interactively."
  (let ((fsym (make-symbol (symbol-name fn))))
  ;;; Love me some uninterned symbols
    `(progn
       (defun ,fsym (ident &optional arg)
         ,(documentation fn)
         (interactive (list (read-from-minibuffer ,prompt) current-prefix-arg))
         (,fn ident arg))
       #',fsym)))

(after! embark
  (defvar-keymap embark-word-map
    :doc "Keymap for Embark word actions."
    :parent embark-general-map
    "j" #'forward-word
    "k" #'backward-word
    "$" #'+spell/correct)
  (defvar-keymap embark-lsp-symbol-map
    :doc "Keymap for Embark LSP symbol actions."
    :parent embark-identifier-map
    "j" #'lsp-ui-find-next-reference
    "k" #'lsp-ui-find-prev-reference
    "r" #'lsp-rename)
  (defvar-keymap embark-workspace-map
    :doc "Keymap for Embark workspace actions."
    :parent embark-general-map
    "RET" #'+workspace/switch-to
    "d" #'+workspace/delete)
  (defvar-keymap embark-known-project-map
    :doc "Keymap for Embark known project actions."
    :parent embark-file-map
    "RET" #'projectile-switch-project
    "d" #'projectile-remove-known-project)

  (pushnew! embark-keymap-alist
            '(word . embark-word-map)
            '(lsp-symbol . embark-lsp-symbol-map)
            '(workspace . embark-workspace-map)
            '(known-project . embark-known-project-map))

  (map! (:map embark-general-map
              "SPC" #'doom/leader
              "C-SPC" #'embark-select
              "X" #'embark-export
              "W" #'+vertico/embark-export-write
              "y" #'embark-copy-as-kill
              "v" #'mark
              "C-q" #'embark-toggle-quit
              "d" #'kill-region
              "c" #'evil-change
              "/" #'evil-ex-search-forward
              "?" #'evil-ex-search-backward
              "E" nil "w" nil "q" nil "C-s" nil "C-r" nil)
        (:map embark-heading-map
              "v" #'mark
              "V" #'outline-mark-subtree
              "j" #'outline-next-visible-heading
              "k" #'outline-previous-visible-heading
              "J" #'outline-forward-same-level
              "K" #'outline-backward-same-level
              "h" #'outline-up-heading
              "M-j" #'outline-move-subtree-down
              "M-k" #'outline-move-subtree-up
              "M-l" #'outline-demote
              "M-h" #'outline-promote
              "n" nil "p" nil "f" nil "b" nil "^" nil
              "u" nil "C-SPC" nil)
        (:map embark-prose-map
              "c" #'evil-change
              "u" #'downcase-region
              "U" #'upcase-region
              "q" #'fill-region
              "C" #'capitalize-region
              "l" nil "f" nil)
        (:map embark-sentence-map
              "j" #'forward-sentence
              "k" #'backward-sentence
              "n" nil "p" nil)
        (:map embark-paragraph-map
              "j" #'forward-paragraph
              "k" #'backward-paragraph
              "n" nil "p" nil)
        (:map embark-identifier-map
              "j" #'embark-next-symbol
              "k" #'embark-previous-symbol
              "d" #'kill-region
              "RET" (~/embark-target-wrapper +lookup/definition "Identifier: ")
              "K" (~/embark-target-wrapper +lookup/documentation "Identifier: ")
              "D" (~/embark-target-wrapper +lookup/definition "Identifier: ")
              "R" (~/embark-target-wrapper +lookup/references "Identifier: ")
              "n" nil "p" nil "r" nil "a" nil "o" nil "H" nil "$" nil)
        (:map embark-expression-map
              "j" #'forward-list
              "k" #'backward-list
              "h" #'backward-up-list
              "=" #'indent-region
              "RET" #'+eval/region
              "e" #'+eval/region
              "E" #'+eval/region-and-replace
              "TAB" nil "<" nil "u" nil "n" nil "p" nil)
        (:map embark-defun-map
              "c" #'evil-change
              "C" #'compile-defun
              "RET" nil "e" nil)
        (:map embark-symbol-map
              "s" nil "h" nil "d" nil "e" nil)
        (:map embark-variable-map
              "Y" #'embark-save-variable-value
              "K" #'helpful-variable
              "RET" #'+eval/region
              "e" #'+eval/region
              "E" #'+eval/region-and-replace
              "i" #'embark-insert-variable-value
              "v" #'mark
              "c" #'evil-change
              "<" nil)
        (:map embark-function-map
              "e" #'debug-on-entry
              "E" #'cancel-debug-on-entry
              "j" #'embark-next-symbol
              "k" #'embark-previous-symbol
              "K" #'helpful-callable)
        (:map embark-command-map
              "w" #'where-is
              "b" nil "g" nil "l" nil)
        (:map embark-package-map
              "Y" #'embark-save-package-url
              "i" #'embark-insert
              "a" nil "I" nil "d" nil "r" nil "W" nil)
        (:map embark-unicode-name-map
              "Y" #'embark-save-unicode-character
              "W" nil)
        (:map embark-flymake-map
              "j" #'flymake-goto-next-error
              "k" #'flymake-goto-prev-error
              "n" nil "p" nil)
        (:map embark-tab-map
              "d" #'tab-bar-close-tab-by-name)
        (:map embark-region-map
              "u" #'downcase-region
              "U" #'upcase-region
              "C" #'capitalize-region
              "w" #'write-region
              "W" #'count-words-region
              "q" #'fill-region
              "Q" #'fill-region-as-paragraph
              "N" #'narrow-to-region
              "D" #'delete-duplicate-lines
              "=" #'indent-region
              "g" #'vc-region-history
              "d" #'kill-region
              "c" #'evil-change
              "TAB" nil "n" nil "l" nil "f" nil "p" nil
              "*" nil ":" nil "_" nil)
        (:map embark-file-map
              "g" 'embark-vc-file-map
              "w" #'embark-save-relative-path
              "W" #'+vertico/embark-export-write
              "Y" #'copy-file
              "v" #'mark
              "c" #'evil-change)
        (:map embark-become-file+buffer-map
              "." #'find-file
              "b" #'+vertico/switch-workspace-buffer
              "B" #'consult-buffer
              "p" #'projectile--find-file)
        (:map embark-become-help-map
              "b" #'embark-bindings
              "v" #'helpful-variable
              "f" #'helpful-callable
              "F" #'describe-face
              "o" #'helpful-symbol
              "s" #'helpful-symbol
              "p" #'doom/help-packages)))

(after! embark-org
  (map! (:map embark-org-table-cell-map
              "RET" #'+org/dwim-at-point
              "v" #'mark
              "-" #'org-table-insert-hline
              "l" #'org-table-next-field
              "h" #'org-table-previous-field
              "j" #'org-table-next-row
              "k" #'+org/table-previous-row
              "H" #'org-table-move-column-left
              "L" #'org-table-move-column-right
              "J" #'org-table-move-row-down
              "K" #'org-table-move-row-up
              (:prefix ("i" . "insert")
                       "h" #'+org/table-insert-column-left
                       "l" #'org-table-insert-column
                       "j" #'+org/table-insert-row-below
                       "k" #'org-table-insert-row
                       "-" #'org-table-insert-hline)
              "^" nil "<" nil ">" nil "o" nil "O" nil)
        (:map embark-org-table-map
              "p" #'org-table-paste-rectangle
              "C" #'org-table-convert
              "D" #'org-table-toggle-formula-debugger
              "y" #'embark-copy-as-kill
              "d" #'kill-region
              "c" #'evil-change)
        (:map embark-org-link-copy-map
              "y" #'embark-org-copy-link-in-full
              "w" nil)
        (:map embark-org-link-map
              "e" #'org-insert-link
              "y" 'embark-org-link-copy-map
              "w" nil)
        (:map embark-org-heading-map
              ">" #'org-do-demote
              "<" #'org-do-promote
              "j" #'org-next-visible-heading
              "k" #'org-previous-visible-heading
              "J" #'org-forward-heading-same-level
              "K" #'org-backward-heading-same-level
              "q" #'org-set-tags-command
              "o" #'org-set-property
              "D" #'org-cut-subtree
              "s" #'org-sort
              "S" #'embark-collect
              "i" #'embark-insert
              "d" #'kill-region
              "I" #'org-insert-heading-respect-content
              "l" #'org-store-link
              "L" #'embark-live
              (:prefix ("t" . "time")
                       "d" #'org-deadline
                       "s" #'org-schedule)
              (:prefix ("c" . "clock")
                       "i" #'org-clock-in
                       "o" #'org-clock-out))
        (:map embark-org-src-block-map
              "v" #'org-babel-mark-block
              "y" #'embark-org-copy-block-contents
              "Y" #'embark-copy-as-kill
              "D" #'org-babel-remove-result-one-or-many
              "j" #'org-babel-next-src-block
              "k" #'org-babel-previous-src-block
              "e" #'org-edit-special
              "=" #'org-indent-block
              "c" #'evil-change)
        (:map embark-org-inline-src-block-map
              "e" #'org-edit-inline-src-code
              "D" #'org-babel-remove-inline-result
              "k" nil)
        (:map embark-org-babel-call-map
              "D" #'org-babel-remove-result
              "k" nil)
        (:map embark-org-item-map
              "j" #'org-next-item
              "k" #'org-previous-item
              "M-j" #'org-move-item-down
              "M-k" #'org-move-item-up
              "c" #'evil-change
              "n" nil "p" nil)
        (:map embark-org-plain-list-map
              "c" #'evil-change
              "C" #'org-toggle-checkbox)
        (:map embark-org-agenda-item-map
              "RET" #'org-agenda-switch-to
              "TAB" #'org-agenda-goto
              "j" #'org-agenda-next-item
              "k" #'org-agenda-previous-item
              "d" #'org-agenda-kill
              "q" #'org-agenda-set-tags
              "o" #'org-agenda-set-property
              (:prefix ("t" . "time")
                       "d" #'org-agenda-deadline
                       "s" #'org-agenda-schedule)
              (:prefix ("c" . "clock")
                       "i" #'org-agenda-clock-in
                       "o" #'org-agenda-clock-out)
              "u" nil "i" nil ":" nil "s" nil "P" nil)))
#+end_src

** Evil

#+call: confpkg("Pkg: evil")

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(after! evil
  (setq evil-shift-width 2             ; 2 width tabs (again)
        evil-want-fine-undo t          ; More fine-grained undos
        evil-ex-substitute-global t    ; s/../../ is global by default
        evil-kill-on-visual-paste nil  ; Don't copy text overwritten on paste
  ))
#+end_src

While we're here, we'll also set my preferred =evil-escape= keys:

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(after! evil-escape
  (setq evil-escape-key-sequence "fd"))
#+end_src

** Flymake

#+call: confpkg("Pkg: flymake")

I really like Flycheck's double-arrow fringe indicator, so let's quickly steal that:

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(after! flymake
  (define-fringe-bitmap 'flymake-double-left-arrow
    [#b00011011
     #b00110110
     #b01101100
     #b11011000
     #b01101100
     #b00110110
     #b00011011])
  (setf (car flymake-error-bitmap) 'flymake-double-left-arrow
        (car flymake-warning-bitmap) 'flymake-double-left-arrow
        (car flymake-note-bitmap) 'flymake-double-left-arrow))
#+end_src

Flymake normally uses italics for warnings, but my italics font being cursive makes that a bit too visually noisy.

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(custom-set-faces!
  '(compilation-warning :slant normal :weight bold)
  '(flymake-note-echo :underline nil :inherit compilation-info))
#+end_src

And just to make sure nothing else accidentally starts running:

#+begin_src emacs-lisp :tangle packages.el
(package! flycheck :disable t)
(package! flyspell :disable t)
#+end_src

*** Bindings

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(map! :leader
      :desc "Open errors buffer"
      "c X" #'flymake-show-project-diagnostics)
#+end_src

*** Tooltips

Having an IDE-style tooltip pop up is nice, but ~flymake-popon~ is a bit ugly by default.

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(after! flymake-popon
  ; Widen popon
  (setq flymake-popon-width 120)
  ; Add visible border
  (set-face-foreground 'flymake-popon-posframe-border (doom-color 'selection)))
#+end_src

*** Popups

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(after! flymake
  (set-popup-rule! "^\\*Flymake" :vslot 1 :side 'bottom))
#+end_src

** Git

#+call: confpkg("Pkg: magit")

I use GPG signing for commits, which means that committing often takes longer than the single second timeout. Eight seconds seems like a reasonable amount of time to type in a password.

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(after! git-commit
  (setq git-commit-post-finish-hook-timeout 8))
#+end_src

*** Magit Syntax Highlighting

Magit already looks great, but it could use some proper syntax highlighting!

#+begin_src emacs-lisp :tangle packages.el
(package! magit-delta)
#+end_src

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(use-package! magit-delta
  :hook (magit-mode . magit-delta-mode))
#+end_src

** Indent Guides

#+call: confpkg("Pkg: highlight-indent-guides")

I've found that character-based indent guides work best.

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(after! highlight-indent-guides
  (setq highlight-indent-guides-method 'character
        highlight-indent-guides-character 9615
        highlight-indent-guides-responsive 'top
        highlight-indent-guides-auto-character-face-perc 90
        highlight-indent-guides-auto-top-character-face-perc 200))
#+end_src

** Language Servers

#+call: confpkg("Pkg: lsp")

Some more convenient leader key bindings would be nice to prevent having to trawl through the =lsp-command-map=.

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(map! :leader
      :desc "Select LSP code lens"
      "c L" #'lsp-avy-lens)
#+end_src

** Marginalia

#+call: confpkg("Pkg: marginalia")

Marginalia mostly works fine on its own, but we should add a few more Doom-specific prompt categories to its registry.

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(after! marginalia
  ;; Workspace and project categories
  (pushnew! marginalia-prompt-categories
            '("\\<workspace\\>" . workspace)
            '("\\<projects?\\>" . known-project))

  ;; Annotate equivalently to files
  (pushnew! marginalia-annotator-registry
            '(known-project marginalia-annotate-file builtin none))

  ;; Remove special case for projectile-switch-project
  ;; (now covered by known-project category)
  (setf (alist-get #'projectile-switch-project marginalia-command-categories nil t) nil))
#+end_src

These new categories can then be used to define [[*Keymaps][Embark keymaps]] for minibuffer completion.

** Operation Hints

I like having ophints for vim editing so that I don't get lost when making large edits, but the =ophints= module in Doom doesn't look very good to me (it gets rid of pulses and color), so I'll override it.

#+begin_src emacs-lisp :tangle modules/ui/ophints/packages.el
;; -*- no-byte-compile: t; -*-
;;; ui/ophints/packages.el

(package! evil-goggles)
#+end_src

#+begin_src emacs-lisp :tangle modules/ui/ophints/config.el
;;; -*- lexical-binding: t; -*-
;;; ui/ophints/config.el

(use-package! evil-goggles
  :hook (doom-first-input . evil-goggles-mode)
  :init
  (setq evil-goggles-duration 0.15
        evil-goggles-blocking-duration 0.12
        evil-goggles-async-duration 0.2)
  :config
  (pushnew! evil-goggles--commands
            '(evil-magit-yank-whole-line
              :face evil-goggles-yank-face
              :switch evil-goggles-enable-yank
              :advice evil-goggles--generic-async-advice)
            '(+evil:yank-unindented
              :face evil-goggles-yank-face
              :switch evil-goggles-enable-yank
              :advice evil-goggles--generic-async-advice)
            '(+eval:region
              :face evil-goggles-yank-face
              :switch evil-goggles-enable-yank
              :advice evil-goggles--generic-async-advice)
            '(evil-fill
              :face evil-goggles-fill-and-move-face
              :switch evil-goggles-enable-fill-and-move
              :advice evil-goggles--generic-async-advice)
            '(evil-fill-and-move
              :face evil-goggles-fill-and-move-face
              :switch evil-goggles-enable-fill-and-move
              :advice evil-goggles--generic-async-advice))
  (custom-set-faces! '(evil-goggles-default-face :background "#2b3a7f")
                     '(evil-goggles-delete-face :inherit magit-diff-removed-highlight)
                     '(evil-goggles-paste-face :inherit magit-diff-added-highlight)
                     '(evil-goggles-change-face :inherit evil-goggles-delete-face)))
#+end_src

** Snippets

#+call: confpkg("Pkg: yasnippet")

Snippets are a sophisticated method of warding off the scourge of unnecessary keystrokes. They were a bit hard to get used to, but I've warmed up to them over time.

The snippets themselves are stored in separate files, each of which can be found in the =snippets/= subdirectory of this repo. As the ~yasnippet~ package expects, they are grouped by major mode.

*** Tweaks

Allow nested snippets:

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(after! yasnippet
  (setq yas-triggers-in-field t))
#+end_src

*** Editing Snippets

Snippets are edited by visiting their file in ~snippet-mode~, which defines some useful keybindings for working with the snippet.

**** Trailing Newlines

If there are any trailing newlines in the snippet file, they will be inserted when the snippet is expanded. This may not always be desirable, so we should prevent Emacs from automatically inserting trailing newlines in these buffers.

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(add-hook! snippet-mode
  (setq-local require-final-newline nil))
#+end_src

**** Testing

When editing a snippet, the binding =C-c C-t= can be used to test it in a fresh buffer. This is very useful, but with Evil it has the issue of leaving the editor in normal state, when snippets are designed to be expanded in insert state.

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(defadvice! ~/yas-tryout-insert-state (&rest _)
  "Switch to Insert state when trying out a snippet."
  :after #'yas-tryout-snippet
  (evil-insert-state))
#+end_src

*** Creating New Snippets

Doom's command to create a new snippet, ~+snippets/new~, defines a template inside of itself purely for when creating a snippet through this command. This doesn't make much sense to me when file templates already exist as a standard system in Doom, and snippets are stored inside files!

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(defadvice! ~/snippets-new (&optional all-modes)
  "Use standard Doom Emacs file template system when creating a new snippet."
  :override #'+snippets/new
  (let* ((mode (+snippets--snippet-mode-name-completing-read all-modes))
         (default-directory (+snippet--ensure-dir (expand-file-name mode +snippets-dir)))
         (snippet-key (read-string "Enter a key for the snippet: "))
         (snippet-file-name (expand-file-name snippet-key)))
    (when (+snippets--use-snippet-file-name-p snippet-file-name)
      (find-file snippet-file-name))))
#+end_src

** Spell Checking

#+call: confpkg("Pkg: ispell")

Doom Emacs sets up spell-checking with ~ispell~ (Emacs-internal tool) and =aspell= (external tool) for us, which is nice. We just need to set which dictionary to use:

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(after! ispell
  (setq ispell-dictionary "en_US"))
#+end_src

We also need to generate a plain-text dictionary for some ~ispell~ functionality, which is annoying, but I haven't figured out a way around it. I could use my automated nix-build system for this, but I want to have access to my =aspell= config file, so it's easier to just put it in the usual location.

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(defvar ~/plaintext-dict (expand-file-name "ispell/dict.plain" doom-data-dir)
  "File location of a plaintext wordlist for spellchecking.")

(unless (file-readable-p ~/plaintext-dict)
  (shell-command-to-string
   (concat
    "aspell -l en_US dump master > " ~/plaintext-dict ";"
    "aspell -d en-computers.rws dump master >> " ~/plaintext-dict ";"
    "aspell -d en_US-science.rws dump master >> " ~/plaintext-dict ";")))

(after! ispell
  (setq ispell-alternate-dictionary ~/plaintext-dict))
#+end_src

Now that we have this word list, we can also plug it into ~cape-dict~ and get proper spelling completion!

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(after! cape
  (setq cape-dict-file ~/plaintext-dict))

(add-hook! text-mode
  (add-hook! 'completion-at-point-functions :local :depth 40 #'cape-dict))
#+end_src

** Treemacs

#+call: confpkg("Pkg: treemacs")

Treemacs is a really useful package, but it also has a lot of defaults I don't like. Let's add a ~use-package!~ declaration to fix some of them:

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(use-package! treemacs
  :defer t
  :init
  ; More accurate git status
  (setq +treemacs-git-mode 'deferred
        treemacs-python-executable
        (if-let ((path (nix-build-out-path-gcroot
                        "treemacs-python" "nixpkgs#python3")))
            (concat path "/bin/python")
          (error "Building python for treemacs failed")))
  :config
  (setq ; Child-frame reading is broken (and sucks anyways)
        treemacs-read-string-input 'from-minibuffer
        ; Make "SPC 0" work like other window select commands
        treemacs-select-when-already-in-treemacs 'stay)

  ; Better font styling
  (custom-set-faces!
    ; Variable pitch fonts
    '((treemacs-root-face
       treemacs-file-face) :inherit variable-pitch)
    '(treemacs-tags-face :height 0.95 :inherit variable-pitch)
    '(treemacs-directory-face :inherit treemacs-file-face)
    '((treemacs-git-added-face
       treemacs-git-modified-face
       treemacs-git-renamed-face
       treemacs-git-conflict-face) :inherit treemacs-file-face)
    ; Better colors
    `(treemacs-git-ignored-face
      :foreground ,(doom-color 'base1) :slant italic :inherit treemacs-file-face)
    `(treemacs-git-untracked-face
      :foreground ,(doom-color 'base1) :inherit treemacs-file-face)
    '(treemacs-async-loading-face
      :height 0.8 :inherit (font-lock-comment-face treemacs-file-face)))

  (treemacs-hide-gitignored-files-mode) ; Hide git-ignored files by default
  (treemacs-fringe-indicator-mode -1)   ; No fringe indicator
  (treemacs-resize-icons 12)            ; Make icons smaller
  )
#+end_src

*** Project Integration

I often accidentally open the project tree before I've even selected a project, which I don't want because it messes up =treemacs-projectile=. Let's fix that problem:

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(defun ~/treemacs-restrict (&rest _)
  (unless (doom-project-p)
    (user-error "Must be in a project to open project tree")))

(advice-add #'treemacs-select-window :before #'~/treemacs-restrict)
(advice-add #'+treemacs/toggle :before #'~/treemacs-restrict)
#+end_src

When I do have a project open, Treemacs is flexible and allows you to open directories other than that project. This /would/ be great and convenient if it weren't for the fact that it doesn't do so very well, often opening the wrong directories entirely. This convenience function ensures that only the project directory is open.

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(defun ~/treemacs-fix-project ()
  "Modify the current `treemacs' workspace to only include the current project."
  (interactive)
  (require 'treemacs)
  (let* ((name (concat "Perspective " (doom-project-name)))
         (project (treemacs-project->create!
                   :name (doom-project-name)
                   :path (directory-file-name (doom-project-root))
                   :path-status 'local-readable :is-disabled? nil))
         (workspace (treemacs-workspace->create!
                     :name name :projects (list project) :is-disabled? nil)))
    ;; Only rebuild workspace if it doesn't have the structure we expect
    (unless (equal (treemacs-current-workspace) workspace)
      (setq treemacs--workspaces
            (append (remove-if (lambda (w)
                                 (string= (treemacs-workspace->name w) name)
                               treemacs--workspaces)
                    (list workspace))))
      (treemacs-do-switch-workspace workspace)
      (treemacs--invalidate-buffer-project-cache)
      (treemacs--rerender-after-workspace-change))))
#+end_src

** VTerm

#+call: confpkg("Pkg: vterm")

I've set my default Emacs shell to =bash=, since pointing Emacs to a non-POSIX shell like =fish= (my usual default) can cause incompatibility issues. I still want to use =fish= for my own purposes, though, so we'll set it as the shell in ~vterm~:

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(after! vterm
  (setq-default vterm-shell (executable-find "fish")))
#+end_src

* Applications

** Calculator

#+call: confpkg("Calc")

Emacs Calc is the best calculator I've ever used, and given the fact that it's an RPN calculator, that's saying something.

*** Leader Key Bindings

Typing =C-x *= every time I want to use Calc (very often) is annoying.

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(map! :leader
      :prefix ("#" . "calc")
      :desc "Emacs Calc"
      "#" #'calc
      :desc "Emacs Calc"
      "c" #'calc
      :desc "Emacs Calc (full window)"
      "C" #'full-calc
      :desc "Quick Calc"
      "q" #'quick-calc
      :desc "Keypad"
      "k" #'calc-keypad
      :desc "Grab region into Calc"
      "g" #'~/calc-grab-region
      :desc "Paste from stack"
      "y" #'calc-copy-to-buffer
      :desc "Read keyboard macro"
      "m" #'read-kbd-macro

      (:prefix ("e" . "embedded")
       :desc "Embedded mode"
       "e" #'calc-embedded
       :desc "Embedded mode (select)"
       "s" #'calc-embedded-select
       :desc "Embedded mode (word)"
       "w" #'calc-embedded-word

       :desc "Activate special operators"
       "a" #'calc-embedded-activate
       :desc "Duplicate formula at point"
       "d" #'calc-embedded-duplicate
       :desc "New formula"
       "f" #'calc-embedded-new-formula
       :desc "Next formula"
       "j" #'calc-embedded-next
       :desc "Previous formula"
       "k" #'calc-embedded-previous
       :desc "Refresh formula at point"
       "r" #'calc-embedded-update-formula
       :desc "Edit formula at point"
       "`" #'calc-embedded-edit))
#+end_src

For the grab-region command, I think it makes sense to have it check whether your selection is a rectangle (=C-v=):

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(defun ~/calc-grab-region (top bot &optional arg)
  "Perform either `calc-grab-region' or `calc-grab-rectangle' depending on
what type of visual state is currently active."
  (interactive "r\nP")
  (if (eq (evil-visual-type) 'block)
      (calc-grab-rectangle top bot arg)
    (calc-grab-region top bot arg)))
#+end_src

*** Evil Bindings

I want to have vim keybindings in Calc, so let's enable the =evil-collection= module for it by removing it from ~+evil-collection-disabled-list~.

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
;; Enable evil-collection-calc
(delq 'calc +evil-collection-disabled-list)
#+end_src

Let's also rebind some keys. We'll set =[= and =]= to directly begin and end vectors like it did originally, and =C-r= makes more sense as a redo binding than =D D=.

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(defadvice! ~/evil-collection-calc-bindings ()
  :after #'evil-collection-calc-setup
  (map! :map calc-mode-map
        :n "C-r" #'calc-redo
        :n "[" #'calc-begin-vector
        :n "]" #'calc-end-vector))
#+end_src

*** Appearance

Calc doesn't use faces to show selections by default, which I think is rather strange.

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(after! calc
  (setq calc-highlight-selections-with-faces t
        calc-show-selections nil)
  (custom-set-faces!
    `(calc-selected-face :weight extra-bold :foreground ,(doom-color 'highlight))
    `(calc-nonselected-face :weight semi-light :foreground ,(doom-color 'comments))))
#+end_src

*** Other Defaults

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(after! calc
  (setq calc-window-height 13  ; Make window taller
        calc-angle-mode 'rad   ; Default to radians
        calc-symbolic-mode t   ; Symbolic evaluation
  ))
#+end_src

** Calendar

#+call: confpkg()

The calendar's main purpose for me is to give a better view of the [[*Agenda][Org agenda]].

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(after! calendar
  ;; Start week on Monday
  (setq calendar-week-start-day 1)
  ;; ISO date style
  (calendar-set-date-style 'iso))

(after! calfw
  (setq cfw:org-face-agenda-item-foreground-color (doom-color 'yellow)))

(map! :leader
      :desc "Calendar"
      "o c" #'cfw:open-org-calendar)
#+end_src

** Emacs Everywhere

#+call: confpkg("Emacs Everywhere")

Emacs Everywhere is a great idea. Unfortunately, the default package on MELPA uses X-based window commands, while I use Hyprland, which is Wayland-based. To fix this issue, we need to override some of the package's variables and functions.

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(after! emacs-everywhere
  ;; Shell commands for interacting with window system
  (setq emacs-everywhere-paste-command
        '("wtype" "-M" "shift" "-P" "Insert")
        emacs-everywhere-copy-command
        '("sh" "-c" "wl-copy < %f")
        emacs-everywhere-window-focus-command
        '("hyprctl" "dispatch" "focuswindow" "address:%w")))

;; Function for accessing current window
(defadvice! ~/emacs-everywhere-app-info-hyprland ()
  "Return information on the active window, in Hyprland."
  :override #'emacs-everywhere--app-info-linux
  (pcase-let*
      ((`(,window-id ,window-class ,window-title . ,window-dims-)
        (split-string (shell-command-to-string
                       "hyprctl activewindow -j | jaq -r \
'.address, .class, .title, .at[], .size[]'")
                      "\n"))
       (window-dims (mapcar #'string-to-number (butlast window-dims-))))
    (make-emacs-everywhere-app
     :id window-id
     :class window-class
     :title window-title
     :geometry window-dims)))
#+end_src

** Mail

#+call: confpkg()

I use =isync=, =msmtp= and =mu= as Doom Emacs recommends.

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(after! mu4e
  (setq sendmail-program (executable-find "msmtp")
        send-mail-function #'smtpmail-send-it
        message-sendmail-f-is-evil t
        message-sendmail-extra-arguments '("--read-envelope-from")
        message-send-mail-function #'message-send-mail-with-sendmail))
#+end_src

*** Accounts

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(set-email-account! "gmail"
                    '((mu4e-sent-folder       . "/gmail/[Gmail]/Sent Mail")
                      (mu4e-drafts-folder     . "/gmail/[Gmail]/Drafts")
                      (mu4e-trash-folder      . "/gmail/[Gmail]/Trash")
                      (mu4e-refile-folder     . "/gmail/[Gmail]/All Mail")
                      (smtpmail-smtp-user     . "kiana.a.sheibani@gmail.com"))
                    t)
#+end_src

** Password Management

#+call: confpkg("Pass")

I use the standard Unix-style password management system, [[https://www.passwordstore.org/][pass]].

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(map! :leader
      :desc "Password Store"
      "o s" #'pass)

(after! password-store
  (setq pass-show-keybindings nil      ; Keybindings take up too much space
        pass-suppress-confirmations t  ; Quit shouldn't need a confirm step
        )
  ;; Move to right side
  (set-popup-rule! "^\\*Password-Store" :side 'right :size 0.25 :quit nil))
#+end_src

* Org

#+call: confpkg()

I love ~org-mode~. In fact, I love it so much that I'm willing to give it its own top-level section in this config! Its power and flexibility are unmatched by any other productivity/organization tool I've ever used. Much like Emacs itself, all alternatives simply vanish.

Unfortunately, with that power comes a *lot* of configuration work up-front. It was completely worth it for me when I made it out the other end, but that doesn't mean everyone would have the time or patience to make it work.

** Basic Configuration

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
;; Org Directory - location of main org repo
(setq org-directory "~/org/")

(after! org
  (setq org-archive-location               ; Global archive file
        (concat org-directory ".org_archive::")
        org-cycle-emulate-tab nil          ; We don't need this with evil
        org-attach-dir-relative t
        org-log-into-drawer t              ; Write logs into :LOGBOOK:
        org-footnote-auto-label 'confirm   ; Allow editing of footnote names

        ;; Startup
        org-startup-with-inline-images t   ; Do more stuff on startup
        org-startup-with-latex-preview t
        +org-startup-with-animated-gifs t

        ;; Customize appearance
        org-indent-indentation-per-level 0 ; No heading indentation
        org-cycle-separator-lines 1        ; Keep 1-line padding between folded headings
        org-hide-emphasis-markers t        ; Hide *emphasis*
        org-image-actual-width '(550)      ; Default images to 550px
        org-format-latex-options           ; Make latex preview smaller
        (plist-put org-format-latex-options :scale 0.55)

        ;; Todo Keywords
        org-todo-keywords
        '((sequence
           "TODO(t)" "PROJ(p)"
           "NEXT(n)"
           "STRT(s!)"
           "WAIT(w@/!)" "HOLD(h@/!)"
           "|"
           "DONE(d!/@)" "PART(r@/@)"
           "KILL(k@/@)"))
        org-todo-keyword-faces
        '(("PROJ" . +org-todo-project)
          ("STRT" . +org-todo-active)
          ("WAIT" . +org-todo-onhold)
          ("HOLD" . +org-todo-onhold)
          ("KILL" . +org-todo-cancel))
        ))
#+end_src

*** Tags

Org mode offers a useful tag hierarchy system, configured via ~org-tag-alist~. We'll be using ~org-tag-persistent-alist~ instead so that our tag hierarchy can't be overwritten.

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(defvar subject-alist '()
  "An alist where the car is the name of a class subject (typically
four capitalized letters), and the cdr is a list of sub-tags.")

(defvar classes-mwf '()
  "Classes that belong under the :MWF: tag.")
(defvar classes-tr '()
  "Classes that belong under the :TR: tag.")
(defvar classes-online '()
  "Classes that belong under the :Online: tag.")

(after! org
  (setq classes-mwf    '()
        classes-tr     '()
        classes-online '()
        subject-alist  '(("MATH" ("calculus") ("algebra"))
                         ("HIST")
                         ("POLS")
                         ("ECON")))

  (setq org-tag-persistent-alist
        `(("area" . ?A) ("goal" . ?G) ("project" . ?P) ("meta" . ?M)

          (:startgrouptag) ("college")
          (:grouptags) ("assign") ("notes") (:endgrouptag)

          ,@(-mapcat
             (lambda (subject)
               `((:startgrouptag) (,(car subject))
                 (:grouptags)
                 (,(format "{%s[[:digit:]]+}" (car subject)))
                 ,@(cdr subject)
                 (:endgrouptag)))
             subject-alist)

          (:startgroup) ("college")
          (:grouptags) ("TR") ("MWF") ("Online") (:endgroup)

          (:startgroup) ("MWF")
          (:grouptags) ,@classes-mwf (:endgroup)

          (:startgroup) ("TR")
          (:grouptags) ,@classes-tr (:endgroup)

          (:startgroup) ("Online")
          (:grouptags) ,@classes-online (:endgroup))))
#+end_src

*** Bindings

**** Convenience

There are a few useful functions Doom doesn't bind by default, so let's add them for convenience.

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(map! :after org
      :map org-mode-map
      :localleader
      "N" #'org-num-mode
      "C" #'org-columns
      "p" #'org-priority ; Remove extraneous commands
      "g j" #'org-goto
      "c D" #'org-clock-display
      "m b f" #'org-table-eval-formula
      "m b F" #'org-table-edit-formulas

      ;; Map babel commands into localleader
      :desc "babel"
      "v" (lookup-key org-mode-map (kbd "C-c C-v")))
#+end_src

**** YASnippet

By default, snippet expansion doesn't work in Org mode; when =TAB= is pressed to move to the next placeholder, headline visibility cycling is triggered instead. This is because in ~org-mode-map~ =TAB= is unconditionally bound to ~org-cycle~, and for some reason this has a higher precedence than YAS's keymaps.

While this is a complex problem, the solution is actually rather simple: just remove the ~org-mode-map~ binding. The ~org-cycle~ command will still be triggered on =TAB= when in normal mode, as it is bound in ~evil-org-mode-map~, but when in insert mode (as one generally is during snippet expansion) the binding will fall through both maps and be handled by YASnippet.

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(map! :after org
      :map org-mode-map
      "TAB" nil
      "<tab>" nil)
#+end_src

This also means we don't need ~org-cycle~ to emulate indentation, which is nice. Unfortunately, this breaks something else: ~org-cycle~ not only handles visibility cycling, but also navigating inside tables. This means that we need a little extra binding configuration so that we can make this properly work:

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(let ((item
       `(menu-item nil org-table-next-field
         :filter ,(lambda (cmd)
                    (when (org-table-p)
                      cmd)))))
  (map! :after org
        :map evil-org-mode-map
        :i "TAB" item
        :i "<tab>" item))
#+end_src

This makes it so that we only let tab keypresses fall through if we aren't in a table. (We'll just assume that we aren't going to be expanding any snippets while we're in a table.)

*** Project Links

It's sometimes nice to be able to click a link in an Org file that takes me to one of my projects.

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(defun org-projectile-follow (path _)
  "Open a projectile link to PATH."
  (projectile-switch-project-by-name path))

(defun org-projectile-completion (&optional arg)
  (let ((project (completing-read "Project: " projectile-known-projects nil 'confirm)))
    (concat "projectile:" project)))

(after! org
  (org-link-set-parameters "projectile"
                           :follow #'org-projectile-follow
                           :complete #'org-projectile-completion))
#+end_src

** Appearance

*** Modern

Doom Emacs's =+pretty= flag by default uses the package =org-superstar= to prettify Org files. This package is decently nice looking, but it has a much nicer and more comprehensive alternative in the form of =org-modern=.

#+begin_src emacs-lisp :tangle packages.el
(package! org-modern)
#+end_src

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(use-package! org-modern
  :hook (org-mode . org-modern-mode)
  :config
  (setq org-modern-star 'replace
        org-modern-replace-stars '("◉" "○" "✸" "✿" "✤" "✜" "◆" "▶")
        org-modern-label-border 0.3
        org-modern-table-vertical 1
        org-modern-table-horizontal 0.2
        org-modern-list '((?- . "•")
                          (?+ . "•")
                          (?* . "•"))
        org-modern-footnote
        (cons nil (cadr org-script-display))
        org-modern-todo nil
        org-modern-todo-faces
        '(("TODO" :inverse-video t :inherit org-todo)
          ("PROJ" :inverse-video t :inherit +org-todo-project)
          ("STRT" :inverse-video t :inherit +org-todo-active)
          ("WAIT" :inverse-video t :inherit +org-todo-onhold)
          ("HOLD" :inverse-video t :inherit +org-todo-onhold)
          ("KILL" :inverse-video t :inherit +org-todo-cancel))
        org-modern-block-fringe nil
        org-modern-block-name
        '((t . t)
          ("src" "»" "«")
          ("example" "»–" "–«")
          ("quote" "❝" "❞")
          ("export" "⏩" "⏪"))
        org-modern-priority nil
        org-modern-horizontal-rule (make-string 36 ?─)
        org-modern-keyword
        '(("title" . "󰛼")
          ("subtitle" . "")
          ("author" . "")
          ("email" . "󰇰")
          ("date" . "󰃮")
          ("property" . "󰆧")
          ("filetags" . "󰓼")
          ("bind" . "󰌷")
          ("bibliography" . "")
          ("print_bibliography" . #("" 0 1 (display (raise -0.1))))
          ("cite_export" . "")
          ("print_glossary" . #("ᴬᶻ" 0 1 (display (raise -0.1))))
          ("glossary_sources" . #("" 0 1 (display (raise -0.14))))
          ("include" . "⇤")
          ("setupfile" . "⇚")
          ("html_head" . "🅷")
          ("html" . "🅗")
          ("latex_class" . "🄻")
          ("latex_class_options" . #("🄻" 1 2 (display (raise -0.14))))
          ("latex_header" . "🅻")
          ("latex_header_extra" . "🅻⁺")
          ("latex" . "🅛")
          ("beamer_theme" . "🄱")
          ("beamer_color_theme" . #("🄱" 1 2 (display (raise -0.12))))
          ("beamer_font_theme" . "🄱𝐀")
          ("beamer_header" . "🅱")
          ("beamer" . "🅑")
          ("attr_latex" . "🄛")
          ("attr_html" . "🄗")
          ("attr_org" . "⒪")
          ("call" . "󰐍")
          ("name" . "󱍶")
          ("header" . "›")
          ("caption" . "󰦨")
          ("results" . "› result")
          (t . "› "))
        org-modern-checkbox
        '((88 . "")
          (45 . #("" 0 2 (composition ((2)))))
          (32 . ""))))
#+end_src

The default colors for various elements of =org-modern= don't match with our theme colors, so we need to modify them ourselves. We'll also modify a few aspects of label appearance here.

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(after! org-modern
  (set-face-attribute 'org-modern-label nil :height 0.85)
  (custom-set-faces!
    '(org-checkbox :weight normal :inherit org-todo)
    `(org-modern-tag
      :foreground ,(doom-color 'fg-alt)
      :background ,(doom-color 'base0)
      :inherit (secondary-selection org-modern-label))
    `(org-modern-horizontal-rule
      :strike-through ,(doom-color 'grey) :inherit org-hide)
    `(org-modern-done
      :height 1.1
      :foreground ,(doom-color 'fg-alt)
      :background ,(doom-color 'modeline-bg)
      :inherit org-modern-label)
    `(org-modern-date-active
      :foreground ,(doom-color 'brown)
      :inherit org-modern-done)
    `(org-modern-date-inactive
      :foreground ,(doom-color 'doc-comments)
      :inherit org-modern-date-active)
    `(org-modern-time-active
      :foreground ,(doom-color 'fg-alt)
      :background ,(doom-color 'base0)
      :inherit org-modern-done)
    `(org-modern-time-inactive
      :foreground ,(doom-color 'grey)
      :background ,(doom-color 'modeline-bg-l)
      :inherit org-modern-time-active)
    `(org-modern-progress-incomplete
      :background ,(doom-color 'bg-alt)
      :foreground ,(doom-color 'fg-alt))
    `(org-modern-progress-complete
      :background ,(doom-color 'yellow)
      :foreground ,(doom-color 'bg-alt))))
#+end_src

*** Appear

Since we've disabled =+pretty=, we need to add the packages we do want from it, namely =org-appear= to automatically handle emphasis markers and other nice things like that.

#+begin_src emacs-lisp :tangle packages.el
(package! org-appear)
#+end_src

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(use-package! org-appear
  :hook (org-mode . org-appear-mode)
  :config
  (setq org-appear-autoentities t
        org-appear-inside-latex t))

(after! org
  (setq org-highlight-latex-and-related '(native script entities)))
#+end_src

*** Emphasis

When marking text for =*emphasis*=, Org mode normally only allows emphasized sections to span 2 lines. This strikes me as needlessly limited, so let's bump up that number to 20 lines.

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(after! org
  (setf (nth 4 org-emphasis-regexp-components) 20))
#+end_src

*** Popups

Org uses many popup windows for various things, and we can use Doom to make them look a little nicer.

** Enhancements

While Org-mode provides a very comprehensive set of tools and systems, there are a few small things that are missing or that would make the overall UX smoother. Luckily, Org-mode being implemented as an Emacs package gives us more than enough control over its function to crowbar in a few new features!

*** Archive Restore

Org offers a wonderfully useful trash system called archiving, which lets you move subtrees into a file where they can be saved without permanently deleting them. However, there's no system for automatically restoring these subtrees once they're archived!

Thankfully, Org already stores context data about archived subtrees, so we can use that. First, let's create a function for restoring an archived subtree at point.

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(defun org-restore-from-archive ()
  "Restore an archived subtree to its original file and location.

This function works on any subtree with the ARCHIVE_FILE and optionally
the ARCHIVE_OLPATH and ARCHIVE_TODO properties, returning the subtree
to the specified state. It will also remove any other ARCHIVE_* properties.

WARNING: If this subtree had an attachment that was deleted during archive,
the attachment cannot be restored!"
  (interactive)
  (let* ((archived-p
          (lambda (element)
            (and (org-element-type-p element 'headline)
                 (org-element-property :ARCHIVE_FILE element))))
         (lineage (org-element-lineage (org-element-at-point) nil t))
         (heading (or (-first archived-p lineage)
                      (user-error "Archived heading could not be found")))
         (title (org-element-property :title heading))
         (file (org-element-property :ARCHIVE_FILE heading))
         (olp (-some--> (org-element-property :ARCHIVE_OLPATH heading)
                (s-split "/" it t)))
         (todo (org-element-property :ARCHIVE_TODO heading))
         (target (condition-case nil
                     (org-find-olp (cons file olp))
                   ((t (error "Invalid outline path %S" olp))))))
    (goto-char (org-element-begin heading))
    ;; Restore todo state
    (when todo (org-todo todo))
    ;; Delete properties (code hacked from `org-entry-delete')
    (save-excursion
      (pcase (org-get-property-block)
        (`(,begin . ,origin)
         (let ((end (copy-marker origin))
               (re (org-re-property "ARCHIVE_[^:]+" t t)))
           (goto-char begin)
           (while (re-search-forward re end t)
             (delete-region (match-beginning 0)
                            (line-beginning-position 2)))
           (when (= begin end)
             (delete-region (line-beginning-position 0)
                            (line-beginning-position 2)))))))
    ;; Move back to original location
    (org-refile nil nil (list "" file nil target))
    (org-refile-goto-last-stored)
    (message "Restored \"%s\" to file %s" title file)))
#+end_src

*** Todo Date Overriding

My attention span being what it is, I often forget to update TODO entries in my Org files until long after the task has been completed. I rely heavily on tracking TODOs through timestamps, so it would be nice to have a command to specify the time to log the task as being completed at. To do this, we can create a new variable ~org-todo-time~ that will override the time when set.

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(defvar org-todo-time nil
  "The time to use when updating TODO entries.

If nil, then use the current time.")

(defadvice! ~/org-override-time (old-fn)
  "Use `org-todo-time' as the current time if it is specified."
  :around #'org-current-time
  (or org-todo-time (funcall old-fn)))
#+end_src

We can then define and bind alternate versions of ~org-todo~ and ~org-agenda-todo~ that allow us to pick the time to set.

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(defmacro ~/org-wrap-todo (fn)
  "Wrap a command to set `org-todo-time'."
  (let ((new-fn (intern (format "%s-date" fn))))
    `(defun ,new-fn (&optional arg)
       ,(format "Call `%s', but allow the user to pick a time first." fn)
       (interactive "P")
       (let ((org-todo-time (org-read-date t t)))
         (,fn arg)))))

(after! org
  (~/org-wrap-todo org-todo)
  (~/org-wrap-todo org-agenda-todo))

(map! :mode org-mode
      :after org
      :localleader
      "T" #'org-todo-date)
(map! :mode org-agenda-mode
      :after org
      "T" #'org-agenda-todo-date
      :localleader
      "T" #'org-agenda-todo-date)
(map! :mode evil-org-agenda-mode
      :after org
      :m "T" #'org-agenda-todo-date)
#+end_src

*** Header Argument Snippets

Writing header arguments for source code blocks is confusing, so let's automate the process somewhat by adding snippets to fill in keywords. To do this, we'll need to write some utility functions for checking if we're in a source block header.

(This is based on the similar code in [[https://tecosaur.github.io/emacs-config/config.html#snippet-helpers][Tecosaur's config]], though I've removed some of the features I don't care much for.)

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(defun ~/yas-org-src-header-p ()
  "Determine whether `point' is within a src-block header or header-args."
  (let ((context (org-element-context)))
    (pcase (org-element-type context)
      ('src-block (< (point) ; before code part of the src-block
                     (save-excursion
                       (goto-char (org-element-property :begin context))
                       (forward-line 1)
                       (point))))
      ('inline-src-block (< (point) ; before code part of the inline-src-block
                            (save-excursion
                              (goto-char (org-element-property :begin context))
                              (search-forward "]{")
                              (point))))
      ('keyword (string-match-p "^header-args"
                                (org-element-property :value context))))))

(defun ~/yas-org-src-lang ()
  "Try to find the current language of the src/header at `point'.
Return nil otherwise."
  (let ((context (org-element-context)))
    (pcase (org-element-type context)
      ('src-block (org-element-property :language context))
      ('inline-src-block (org-element-property :language context))
      ('keyword
       (when (string-match "^header-args:\\([^ ]+\\)"
                           (org-element-property :value context))
         (match-string 1 (org-element-property :value context)))))))

(defun ~/yas-org-prompt-header-arg (arg question values)
  "Prompt the user to set ARG header property to one of VALUES with QUESTION.
The default value is identified and indicated. If either default is selected,
or no selection is made: nil is returned."
  (let* ((src-block-p (not (looking-back
                            "^#\\+property:[ \t]+header-args:.*"
                            (line-beginning-position))))
         (default
          (or
           (cdr (assoc arg
                       (if src-block-p
                           (nth 2 (org-babel-get-src-block-info t))
                         (org-babel-merge-params
                          org-babel-default-header-args
                          (let ((lang-headers
                                 (intern (concat "org-babel-default-header-args:"
                                                 (~/yas-org-src-lang)))))
                            (when (boundp lang-headers) (eval lang-headers t)))))))
           ""))
         default-value)
    (setq values (mapcar
                  (lambda (value)
                    (if (string-match-p (concat "^" (regexp-quote value) "$")
                                        default)
                        (setq default-value
                              (concat value " "
                                      (propertize "(default)" 'face
                                                  'font-lock-doc-face)))
                      value))
                  values))
    (let ((selection
           (consult--read values :prompt question :default default-value)))
      (unless (or (string-match-p "(default)$" selection)
                  (string= "" selection))
        selection))))
#+end_src

*** Org Checklist

The simple package =org-checklist= from =org-contrib= makes it so that checkboxes inside of cyclic tasks are reset when the task is repeated. Sounds good to me!

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(when (modulep! :lang org)
  (use-package org-checklist
    :commands (org-reset-checkbox-state-maybe
               org-make-checklist-export
               org-checklist)
    :init
    (add-hook 'org-after-todo-state-change-hook #'org-checklist)
    :config
    (remove-hook 'org-after-todo-state-change-hook #'org-checklist)
    (add-hook 'org-after-todo-state-change-hook #'org-checklist)))
#+end_src

The ~org-checklist~ function will reset the checkboxes on any task, but I only want them reset when the task repeats.

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(defadvice! ~/org-checklist-only-on-repeating (old-fn)
  "Only reset checkboxes when marking repeater tasks as DONE."
  :around #'org-checklist
  (when (org-get-repeat)
    (funcall old-fn)))
#+end_src

I don't want to have to specify the =RESET_CHECK_BOXES= property for every TODO I write, though. I would much prefer if it was on by default, and the system allowed me to turn it off if I wanted to. Luckily, the fine control Org gives you over property inheritance nicely fixes this problem.

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(after! org-checklist
  (push '("RESET_CHECK_BOXES" . "t") org-global-properties))

(defadvice! ~/org-checklist-reset-inherit ()
  "Override checkbox resetting to use property inheritance."
  :override #'org-reset-checkbox-state-maybe
  (if (org-entry-get (point) "RESET_CHECK_BOXES" t)
      (org-reset-checkbox-state-subtree)))
#+end_src

** Bug Fixes and Tweaks

*** Improved Tag Selection

The facilities for selecting and adding tags do not play very nicely with complex tag hierarchies, especially fast tag selection. The main problems are:

- Fast tag selection interprets regex tags as actual tags
- Fast tag selection can assign multiple keys to the same tag
- Regular tag selection interprets special tag entries such as ~:startgroup~ as actual tags

To fix this, we'll need some liberal use of override advising.

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(defadvice! ~/org-assign-fast-keys (alist)
  :override #'org-assign-fast-keys
  (let (new e (alt ?0))
    (while (setq e (pop alist))
      (if (or (memq (car e) '(:newline :grouptags :endgroup :startgroup :startgrouptag :endgrouptag))
              (and (string-prefix-p "{" (car e)) (string-suffix-p "}" (car e)))
              (cdr e)) ;; Key already assigned.
          (push e new)
        (let ((clist (string-to-list (downcase (car e))))
              (used (append new alist)))
          (when (= (car clist) ?@)
            (pop clist))
          (while (and clist (rassoc (car clist) used))
            (pop clist))
          (unless clist
            (while (rassoc alt used)
              (cl-incf alt)))
          (push (cons (car e) (or (car clist) alt)) new))))
    (nreverse new)))
#+end_src

The last problem is that Org automatically assigns keys alphabetically if not specified, which means keys can often be difficult to reach. To fix this, we can simply configure some variables.

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(after! org
  (setq org--fast-tag-selection-keys
        (string-to-list "asdfghjklrueitywovnASDFGHJKLRUEITYWOVN")
        org-fast-tag-selection-maximum-tags 40))
#+end_src

*** Export Directory

Org mode by default exports to the same directory the org-mode file is in. This is inconvenient for me, as I use a lot of subdirectories. To fix this, we can advise the function ~org-export-output-file-name~.

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(defvar org-export-dir (expand-file-name "export/" org-directory)
  "The directory to export Org mode files to.

If nil, then `default-directory' for the org buffer is used.")

(defadvice! ~/modify-org-export-dir (orig-fn extension &optional subtreep pub-dir)
  :around #'org-export-output-file-name
  (unless pub-dir
    (setq pub-dir org-export-dir))
  (unless (file-directory-p pub-dir)
    (make-directory pub-dir t))
  (funcall orig-fn extension subtreep pub-dir))
#+end_src

*** Attachment Inline Previews

Doom enhances Org mode's attachment system to show inline previews of attached images. However, this appears to be broken due to using outdated APIs, so we have to patch the link parameter responsible.

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(defadvice! ~/org-image-file-data-fn (protocol link _description)
  "Properly handle attachment links."
  :override #'+org-image-file-data-fn
  (setq link
        (pcase protocol
          ("download"
           (expand-file-name
            link
            (or (if (require 'org-download nil t) org-download-image-dir)
                (if (require 'org-attach)         org-attach-id-dir)
                default-directory)))
          ("attachment"
           (require 'org-attach)
           (org-attach-expand link))
          (_ (expand-file-name link default-directory))))
  (when (and (file-exists-p link)
             (image-type-from-file-name link))
    (with-temp-buffer
      (set-buffer-multibyte nil)
      (setq buffer-file-coding-system 'binary)
      (insert-file-contents-literally link)
      (buffer-substring-no-properties (point-min) (point-max)))))

(defadvice! ~/org-init-attach-link ()
  "Properly set attachment link's parameters."
  :after #'+org-init-attachments-h
  (org-link-set-parameters "attachment" :image-data-fun #'+org-image-file-data-fn))
#+end_src

*** Inline Image Previews

Inline images in Org are file links pointing to images without a description. User-defined inline images can have a description, however, which makes for a disparity between file links and other links that is very counter-intuitive. We can advise the image data provider functions to fix this, and I'll add a variable to restore the default behavior if I ever want to.

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(defvar +org-inline-image-desc nil
  "Whether to allow inline images to contain descriptions.")

(defadvice! +org-inline-desc (old-fn protocol link description)
  "Disable inline images with descriptions when `+org-inline-image-desc'
is non-nil."
  :around '(org-yt-image-data-fun
            +org-inline-image-data-fn
            +org-http-image-data-fn)
  (when (or +org-inline-image-desc (null description))
    (funcall old-fn protocol link description)))
#+end_src

This works fine for explicitly displaying inline images. However, toggling using =RET= is now broken, as the command does not properly test for inline images. This will be fixed in the next section.

*** DWIM Command

The command ~+org/dwim-at-point~ will toggle all overlays in a subtree even if there are other actions that are more likely to be what the user meant (such as marking as DONE). We also need to change the interaction with links to properly account for whether the link has a description.

Annoyingly, the only good way to fix these issues is to completely override the extremely long function.

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(defadvice! ~/org-dwim (old-fn &optional arg)
  "Various tweaks to the function of the DWIM command."
  :override #'+org/dwim-at-point
  (if (button-at (point))
      (call-interactively #'push-button)
    (let* ((context (org-element-context))
           (type (org-element-type context)))
      (while (and context (memq type '(verbatim code bold italic underline strike-through subscript superscript)))
        (setq context (org-element-property :parent context)
              type (org-element-type context)))
      (pcase type
        ((or `citation `citation-reference)
         (org-cite-follow context arg))
        (`headline
         (cond ((memq (bound-and-true-p org-goto-map)
                      (current-active-maps))
                (org-goto-ret))
               ((and (fboundp 'toc-org-insert-toc)
                     (member "TOC" (org-get-tags)))
                (toc-org-insert-toc)
                (message "Updating table of contents"))
               ((string= "ARCHIVE" (car-safe (org-get-tags)))
                (org-force-cycle-archived))
               ((or (org-element-property :todo-type context)
                    (org-element-property :scheduled context))
                (org-todo
                 (if (eq (org-element-property :todo-type context) 'done)
                     (or (car (+org-get-todo-keywords-for (org-element-property :todo-keyword context)))
                         'todo)
                   'done)))
               (t
                (let* ((beg (if (org-before-first-heading-p)
                                (line-beginning-position)
                              (save-excursion (org-back-to-heading) (point))))
                       (end (if (org-before-first-heading-p)
                                (line-end-position)
                              (save-excursion (org-end-of-subtree) (point))))
                       (overlays (ignore-errors (overlays-in beg end)))
                       (latex-overlays
                        (cl-find-if (lambda (o) (eq (overlay-get o 'org-overlay-type) 'org-latex-overlay))
                                    overlays))
                       (image-overlays
                        (cl-find-if (lambda (o) (overlay-get o 'org-image-overlay))
                                    overlays)))
                  (+org--toggle-inline-images-in-subtree beg end)
                  (if (or image-overlays latex-overlays)
                      (org-clear-latex-preview beg end)
                    (org--latex-preview-region beg end)))))
         (org-update-checkbox-count)
         (org-update-parent-todo-statistics)
         (when (and (fboundp 'toc-org-insert-toc)
                    (member "TOC" (org-get-tags)))
           (toc-org-insert-toc)
           (message "Updating table of contents"))
         )
        (`clock (org-clock-update-time-maybe))
        (`footnote-reference
         (org-footnote-goto-definition
          (org-element-property :label context)))
        (`footnote-definition
         (org-footnote-goto-previous-reference
          (org-element-property :label context)))
        ((or `planning `timestamp)
         (org-follow-timestamp-link))
        ((or `table `table-row)
         (if (org-at-TBLFM-p)
             (org-table-calc-current-TBLFM)
           (ignore-errors
             (save-excursion
               (goto-char (org-element-property :contents-begin context))
               (org-call-with-arg 'org-table-recalculate (or arg t))))))
        (`table-cell
         (org-table-blank-field)
         (org-table-recalculate arg)
         (when (and (string-empty-p (string-trim (org-table-get-field)))
                    (bound-and-true-p evil-local-mode))
           (evil-change-state 'insert)))
        (`babel-call
         (org-babel-lob-execute-maybe))
        (`statistics-cookie
         (save-excursion (org-update-statistics-cookies arg)))
        ((or `src-block `inline-src-block)
         (org-babel-execute-src-block arg))
        ((or `latex-fragment `latex-environment)
         (org-latex-preview arg))
        (`link
         (let* ((lineage (org-element-lineage context '(link) t))
                (path (org-element-property :path lineage)))
           (if (or (equal (org-element-property :type lineage) "img")
                   (and path (image-supported-file-p path)
                        (or +org-inline-image-desc
                            (not (org-element-property :contents-begin lineage)))))
               (+org--toggle-inline-images-in-subtree
                (org-element-property :begin lineage)
                (org-element-property :end lineage))
             (org-open-at-point arg))))
        ((guard (org-element-property :checkbox (org-element-lineage context '(item) t)))
         (org-toggle-checkbox)
         (unless arg
           (org-next-item)
           (beginning-of-line)
           (re-search-forward "\\[.\\] ")))
        (`paragraph
         (+org--toggle-inline-images-in-subtree))
        (_
         (if (or (org-in-regexp org-ts-regexp-both nil t)
                 (org-in-regexp org-tsr-regexp-both nil  t)
                 (org-in-regexp org-link-any-re nil t))
             (call-interactively #'org-open-at-point)
           (+org--toggle-inline-images-in-subtree
            (org-element-property :begin context)
            (org-element-property :end context))))))))
#+end_src

*** Default Categories

When an explicit category is not specified, Org mode typically defaults to the filename (sans extension). This ... sort of makes sense? I guess? It doesn't really, because filename conventions don't make for good agenda category names. I want my category names to be in title case, whereas a file name is typically going to be all lowercase and without spaces. This is especially bad for Org-roam, where filenames are automatically generated and way too long to be a UI element.

To fix this issue, it's... "easy" to patch Org-mode's category system[fn:2]. The following code sets things up so that the file's =#+title= metadata is used as the default category, falling back on the default behavior if a title is not given.

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(defadvice! ~/org-default-category (old-fn)
  "Modify how Org resolves the default category through the
`org-category' variable."
  :around '(org-refresh-category-properties org-element-org-data-parser)
  (let ((org-category (or org-category (org-get-title))))
    (funcall old-fn)))
#+end_src

[fn:2] It took me multiple hours of combing through Org's source code in order to find the multiple places(???) where this behavior was implemented and to figure out how to modify it. At least the final code is short!

** Org Roam

#+call: confpkg("Org: Roam")

When I started out using Org mode, I just used vanilla Org files to manage my notes. This worked, but as my notes grew more and more I've begun to increasingly rely on [[https://www.orgroam.com/][Org-roam]] to more systematically manage my organization.

*** Concept

Org-roam is inspired by Roam Research, and like that tool it is based on the Zettelkasten (slip-box) note-taking method. In the Zettelkasten method, notes and concepts are separated into small chunks (called "nodes" in Org-roam terminology). These notes can live freely in any file on your system, and are linked to each other through ID links, leading to a freer note system that isn't tied to any particular organizational structure or hierarchy.

*** Task Management

In my use of Org-roam for task management, I divide nodes into a few different categories:

1. *Areas*, which represent continual areas of your life to organize and plan;
2. *Goals*, short- or long-term, things that can be completed;
3. *Tasks*, which are one-time and contribute to goals or areas.

Areas are stored as subnodes of the =Areas= file node, and likewise for goals. They also have the =:area:= and =:goal:= tags respectively. A task is a node that is a TODO entry that links to an area or a goal. We can thus check for if a node is a task by checking if the node links to a =:area:= or =:goal:= tagged node.

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(defun ~/org-roam-get-linked-nodes (node tag)
  "Return the nodes that NODE links to that are tagged with TAG."
  (let ((response (org-roam-db-query [:select :distinct [dest]
                                      :from links
                                      :inner-join tags :on (= dest node_id)
                                      :where (= source $s1)
                                      :and (= type "id")
                                      :and (= tag $s2)]
                                     (org-roam-node-id node) tag)))
    (mapcar (lambda (id) (org-roam-populate
                          (org-roam-node-create :id (car id))))
            response)))
#+end_src

*** Bindings

Here's a handful of bindings that streamline common operations I use:

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(map! :mode org-mode
      :after org
      :localleader
      "m l" #'org-roam-link-replace-all
      "m R" #'org-roam-extract-subtree)
#+end_src

*** Roam File Names

By default, Roam generates file names containing both a timestamp and the node title. This makes it annoying if I want to change the title of that node later, so I'll change it to just the timestamp.

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(after! org-roam
  (setq org-roam-extract-new-file-path "%<%Y-%m-%d_%H-%M-%S>.org"))
#+end_src

*** Roam Buffer

The unlinked references section is turned off by default for performance reasons, but sometimes I want to see that information when writing notes. I also don't want it to show up for every node, because some of my nodes have quite a large reference list. Let's add a predicate to control when unlinked references are shown.

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(defadvice! ~/org-roam-unlinked-references-p (node)
  "A predicate to control when unlinked references are shown in the `org-roam' buffer."
  :before-while #'org-roam-unlinked-references-section
  (assoc "UNLINKED_REFS" (org-roam-node-properties node)))
#+end_src

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(after! org-roam
  (setq org-roam-mode-sections
        '((org-roam-backlinks-section :unique t)
          org-roam-reflinks-section
          org-roam-unlinked-references-section)))
#+end_src

*** Roam Links

Making links to Roam nodes is a bit finicky. This helps fix some of that.

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(defun org-roam-completion (&optional arg)
  (let ((node (org-roam-node-read nil nil nil t)))
    (concat "id:" (org-roam-node-id node))))

(defun org-roam-insert-description (idstr)
  (org-roam-node-title (org-roam-node-from-id (substring idstr 3))))

(after! org
  (org-link-set-parameters "roam"
                           :complete #'org-roam-completion
                           :insert-description #'org-roam-insert-description))
#+end_src

** Capture

Org capture is a very useful mechanism for shortening the time it takes to "capture" information in your notes. The default method for configuring capture is the variable ~org-capture-templates~, which specifies templates to generate new entries with.

*** YASnippet Integration

These templates are all well and good, but there's a crucial issue with them: we already have a perfectly good template system! [[*Snippets][Snippets]] are highly versatile and useful, and it would be nice if we could leverage their features in Org capture templates.

The goal is to hook into Org's capturing system to get it to feed its template into YASnippet, instead of printing it directly.

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(defadvice! org-capture-yasnippet (old-fn &optional arg)
  "Modify Org's capture system to expand a YASnippet template."
  :around #'org-capture-place-template
  (let* ((template (org-capture-get :template))
         (org-capture-plist (plist-put org-capture-plist :template "")))
    (cl-letf (((symbol-function 'org-kill-is-subtree-p) #'always))
      (funcall old-fn arg)
      (yas-expand-snippet template))))
#+end_src

This advice overrides ~org-capture-place-template~, the function that:

1. Moves to the location of capture inside the file
2. Modifies the template to fit its context
3. Places the template in the file

The advice temporarily sets Org's capture template to an empty string, lets Org do its thing, and then expands the template itself. This does mean that Org no longer performs point 2, but YASnippet is powerful enough that we can simply do that ourselves in the template.

*** Roam Capture

Since Org-roam is currently my primary method of using Org, I only use its templating system. We'll start with defining some useful node accessor functions.

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(defun org-roam-node-file-maybe (node &optional dir)
  "Get file name from NODE, or return a default filename in directory DIR."
  (setq dir (expand-file-name (or dir "") org-roam-directory))
  (or (org-roam-node-file node)
      (expand-file-name "%<%Y-%m-%d_%H-%M-%S>.org" dir)))

(defun org-roam-node-file-maybe-cite (node)
  (org-roam-node-file-maybe node "cite"))

(defun org-roam-node-file-maybe-dir (node)
  "Get file name from NODE, or ask for directory and return a default filename."
  (or (org-roam-node-file node)
      (expand-file-name
       "%<%Y-%m-%d_%H-%M-%S>.org"
       (read-directory-name "Directory: " org-roam-directory))))
#+end_src

I want there to only be one capture template when I'm making new links, so that I don't get distracted. However, when I'm explicitly telling Roam to make a new node, it would be a shame if there was only one option. To fix this, I'll add new variables representing the /default/ templates to use in situations where I don't want to have to choose.

#+begin_src emacs-lisp

(defvar org-roam-capture-default-template nil
  "The default capture template to use when not explicitly capturing.")

(defvar org-roam-dailies-capture-default-template nil
  "The default daily capture template to use when not explicitly capturing.")
#+end_src

With those variables created, we can define our templates.

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(after! org-roam
  ;; Default templates
  (setq org-roam-capture-default-template
        '("d" "Default" plain ""
          :target (file+head "${file-maybe-dir}"
                             "#+title: ${title}")
          :unnarrowed t
          :immediate-finish t)
        org-roam-dailies-capture-default-template
        '("d" "Default" plain ""
          :target (file+head "%<%Y-%m-%d>.org"
                             "#+title: %<%Y-%m-%d>")
          :unnarrowed t
          :immediate-finish t))
  ;; Active templates
  (setq org-roam-capture-templates
        '(("f" "Standalone file" plain ""
           :target (file+head "${file-maybe-dir}"
                              "#+title: ${title}")
           :unnarrowed t)
          ("n" "Citation Note" plain ""
           :target (file+head "${file-maybe-cite}"
                              "#+title: ${note-title}")
           :immediate-finish t
           :unnarrowed t)
          ("h" "Heading" entry
           "`(make-string (org-outline-level) ?*)`* ${title}
:RELATED:
Subnote of `(let ((node (org-roam-node-at-point)))
              (format \"[[id:%s][%s]]\"
                (org-roam-node-id node)
                (org-roam-node-title node)))`$1
:END:\n\n$0"
           :target (file "20240329114914-a.org")))
        org-roam-dailies-capture-templates
        '(("e" "Event" entry "* $1\n%^t\n\n$0"
           :target (file+head "%<%Y-%m-%d>.org"
                              "#+title: %<%Y-%m-%d>")
           :empty-lines 1)
          ("t" "Task" entry "* TODO $1\n\n$0"
           :target (file+head "%<%Y-%m-%d>.org"
                              "#+title: %<%Y-%m-%d>")
           :empty-lines 1)
          ("n" "Notes" entry "** $0"
           :target (file+head+olp "%<%Y-%m-%d>.org"
                                  "#+title: %<%Y-%m-%d>"
                                  ("Course Notes :notes:"))
           :unnarrowed t))))
#+end_src

Now we just have to advise Org-roam with the proper logic!

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(defadvice! ~/org-roam-default-capture (old-fn &rest args)
  "Use default capture template when not explicitly capturing."
  :around '(org-roam-node-find org-roam-node-insert)
  (let ((org-roam-capture-templates (list org-roam-capture-default-template)))
    (apply old-fn args)))

(defadvice! ~/org-roam-dailies-default-capture (old-fn time &optional goto keys)
  "Use default capture template when not explicitly capturing."
  :around #'org-roam-dailies--capture
  (let ((org-roam-dailies-capture-templates
         (if goto (list org-roam-dailies-capture-default-template)
           org-roam-dailies-capture-templates)))
    (funcall old-fn time goto keys)))
#+end_src

** Agenda

#+call: confpkg("Org: Agenda")

*** Configuration

A full week-long agenda is usually too cluttered for me to read, so I'll narrow it down to a single day. I also like the week to start on Monday.

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(after! org
  (setq org-agenda-span 'day
        org-agenda-start-day nil
        org-agenda-start-on-weekday 1 ; 1 = Monday

        org-agenda-sorting-strategy
        '((agenda time-up habit-down prority-down category-up)
          (todo habit-down priority-down time-up category-up)
          (tags habit-down priority-down time-up category-up)
          (search category-up))

        ;; Make sure agenda is the only window
        org-agenda-window-setup 'only-window
        org-agenda-restore-windows-after-quit t

        ;; Agenda prefix
        org-agenda-prefix-format
        '((agenda . " %i %-18:c%?-12t% s")
          (todo . " %i %-18:c")
          (tags . " %i %-18:c")
          (search . " %i %-18:c"))))
#+end_src

*** Agenda View

The Org agenda is a very nice feature, but by default it doesn't really provide enough customization to fit my needs. I like to have nice categories to make reading my todos easier, so we'll use ~org-super-agenda~:

#+begin_src emacs-lisp :tangle packages.el
(package! org-super-agenda)
#+end_src

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(use-package! org-super-agenda
  :commands org-super-agenda-mode)

(after! org-agenda
  (let ((inhibit-message t))
    (org-super-agenda-mode))

  ;; This map is unnecessary and causes evil bindings to not work
  ;; while on super agenda headers
  (setq org-super-agenda-header-map nil))
#+end_src

The ~org-agenda~ dispatcher is occasionally useful, but most of the time when I want to open my agenda, it's to see my "preferred" view.
By customizing ~org-super-agenda-groups~ via a let-binding in my custom agenda view, I can set up a sophisticated multi-category agenda system.

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(defun ~/org-agenda-section-by-link (prefix tag item)
  "Org super-agenda function to categorize agenda entries by linked node with TAG."
  (when-let* ((marker (org-super-agenda--get-marker item))
              (node (org-super-agenda--when-with-marker-buffer marker
                      (org-roam-node-at-point)))
              (links (~/org-roam-get-linked-nodes node tag)))
    (->> links
         (mapcar #'org-roam-node-title)
         (-interpose ", ")
         (apply #'concat prefix))))

(after! org
  (setq org-agenda-custom-commands
        '(("o" "Overview"
           ((agenda "")
            (alltodo ""
                     ((org-super-agenda-groups
                       '((:name "Next/In Progress"
                          :todo ("NEXT" "STRT" "WAIT" "HOLD"))
                         (:name "Important"
                          :priority "A"
                          :order 1)
                         (:name "Notes to Intake"
                          :tag "notes"
                          :order 10)
                         (:name "Assignments"
                          :tag "assign"
                          :order 2)
                         (:auto-map (lambda (item)
                                      (~/org-agenda-section-by-link
                                       "Goal: " "goal" item))
                          :order 3)
                         (:auto-map (lambda (item)
                                      (~/org-agenda-section-by-link
                                       "Area: " "area" item))
                          :order 4))))))))))
#+end_src

This "overview" agenda command is very nice. It's so nice, in fact, that it's almost always the only agenda view I want to use! Having to go through the dispatcher every time I want to access it is annoying and unnecessary.

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(defun ~/org-agenda (&optional arg)
  "Wrapper around preferred agenda view."
  (interactive "P")
  (org-agenda arg "o"))

(map! :leader
      :desc "Org agenda"
      "o a" #'~/org-agenda
      ;; Use shift to access full dispatcher
      :desc "Org agenda dispatcher"
      "o A" #'org-agenda)
#+end_src

*** Agenda Files

I have a lot of different subdirectories and groupings in my org directory, but unfortunately directories listed in ~org-agenda-files~ aren't checked recursively! We can solve this by creating a function ~org-agenda-files-function~ to return the agenda files, then advising Org to call that function before getting the agenda files.

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(defun org-agenda-files-function ()
  (require 'find-lisp)
  (find-lisp-find-files org-directory "\.org$"))

(defvar org-agenda-files-function #'org-agenda-files-function
  "The function to determine the org agenda files.")

(defadvice! ~/org-agenda-files (&rest _)
  "Set `org-agenda-files' before Org fetches them."
  :before #'org-agenda-files
  (setq org-agenda-files (funcall org-agenda-files-function)))
#+end_src

** Citations

#+call: confpkg("Org: Cite")

Org mode has a very nice notation for specifying citations in square brackets, and the package =citar= uses this to implement a useful bibliography system.

Let's start with some configuration. I use [[https://www.zotero.org/][Zotero]] to manage my citations, and when I want to use them in Org mode I export them to a file =library.json= (CSL JSON) in my org directory.

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(after! org
  (setq org-cite-csl-styles-dir "~/Zotero/styles"
        ;; MLA style by default
        org-cite-csl--fallback-style-file
        "/home/kiana/Zotero/styles/modern-language-association.csl"
        org-cite-global-bibliography
        (list (expand-file-name "library.json" org-directory))
        citar-bibliography org-cite-global-bibliography))
#+end_src

*** Citation Settings

I primarily use the CSL export processor to create MLA-style citation, so let's configure that to make its citations more standard.

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(after! org
  (setq org-cite-csl-link-cites nil ; This is not recommended by MLA
        ))
#+end_src

*** Roam Citation Notes

We can use the package =citar-org-roam= (bundled with Doom module =:tools biblio=) to create citation notes in Roam.

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(after! citar-org-roam
  (setq citar-org-roam-subdir "cite"
        citar-org-roam-capture-template-key "n"))
#+end_src

*** Aesthetics

We should also make Org citations look a little prettier:

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
;; Make faces conform to theme
(after! org
  (custom-set-faces!
    `(org-cite :foreground ,(doom-color 'green))
    '(org-cite-key :foreground nil :slant italic :underline t :inherit org-cite)))

;; Citar icons
(after! citar
  (setq citar-indicators
        (list
         (citar-indicator-create
          :symbol (nerd-icons-mdicon "nf-md-link"
                                     :face 'nerd-icons-lblue)
          :padding "  "
          :function #'citar-has-links
          :tag "has:links")
         (citar-indicator-create
          :symbol (nerd-icons-mdicon "nf-md-file"
                                     :face 'nerd-icons-lred)
          :padding "  "
          :function #'citar-has-files
          :tag "has:files")
         (citar-indicator-create
          :symbol (nerd-icons-mdicon "nf-md-note_text"
                                     :face 'nerd-icons-blue)
          :padding "  "
          :function #'citar-has-notes
          :tag "has:notes")
         (citar-indicator-create
          :symbol (nerd-icons-mdicon "nf-md-check"
                                     :face 'nerd-icons-lgreen)
          :padding "  "
          :function #'citar-is-cited
          :tag "is:cited"))))
#+end_src

** Journal

#+call: confpkg("Org: Journal")

I don't use ~org-journal~ anymore, but I'm keeping my old configuration for it in case I want to go back.

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(after! org-journal
  ;; One entry per day, no separation
  (setq org-journal-file-format "%Y-%m-%d"
        org-journal-hide-entries-p nil))
#+end_src

To make opening the journal more convenient, here's a command to open the latest entry:

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(defun +org/org-journal-open-latest ()
  (interactive)
  (require 'org-journal)
  (funcall org-journal-find-file
           (car (last (seq-filter #'file-regular-p
                                  (directory-files org-journal-dir t))))))

(map! :leader
      :desc "Journal"
      "o j" #'+org/org-journal-open-latest)
#+end_src

* Languages and Modes

Despite Emacs being my editor of choice for programming, I don't actually have a lot of configuration for programming languages. I suppose that this is because language packages tend to not need much personal configuration, as the bounds of what a language mode needs to do are typically defined by the language itself.

** Indentation

#+call: confpkg("Indent")

I prefer 2-space indentation in all circumstances. Unfortunately, Emacs's indentation is mode-specific, so I have to configure every mode's indentation separately.

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(after! css-mode
  (setq css-indent-offset 2))
#+end_src

** Dired

#+call: confpkg("Mode: Dired")

Dired by default spawns a new buffer for every directory, which clutters up your buffer list very quickly.

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(after! dired
  (setq dired-kill-when-opening-new-dired-buffer t))
#+end_src

** Haskell

#+call: confpkg("Mode: Haskell")

Operators being in italics looks ugly, so let's fix that.

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(after! haskell-mode
  (custom-set-faces! '(haskell-operator-face :slant normal)))
#+end_src

** Idris
:PROPERTIES:
:header-args:emacs-lisp: :noweb-ref idris-config
:END:

Idris's support for Emacs is still experimental and has a few kinks to work out, especially since I'm using Idris 2, which the recommended =idris-mode= needs to be configured to use.

The Doom module is very outdated, so I'll be overriding it.

#+begin_src emacs-lisp :tangle modules/lang/idris/packages.el :noweb-ref none
;; -*- no-byte-compile: t; -*-
;;; lang/idris/packages.el

(package! idris-mode)
#+end_src

#+begin_src emacs-lisp :tangle modules/lang/idris/config.el :noweb yes :noweb-ref none :exports none
;;; -*- lexical-binding: t; -*-
;;; lang/idris/config.el

<<idris-config>>
#+end_src

*** Config

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(after! idris-mode
  (setq idris-interpreter-path "idris2"
        ;; No fun allowed!!
        ;; (The animated banner was messing with the popup system)
        idris-repl-banner-functions '(idris-repl-text-banner)
        idris-repl-show-repl-on-startup nil ; Don't show repl on startup
        )

  (add-hook! idris-mode :append #'lsp!)

  (set-repl-handler! 'idris-mode (cmd! (idris-repl-buffer)))
  (set-lookup-handlers! 'idris-mode
    :documentation #'idris-docs-at-point)

  (map! :localleader
        :mode idris-mode
        "q" #'idris-quit
        "l" #'idris-load-file
        "t" #'idris-type-at-point
        "a" #'idris-add-clause
        "e" #'idris-make-lemma
        "c" #'idris-case-dwim
        "w" #'idris-make-with-block
        "m" #'idris-add-missing
        "p" #'idris-proof-search
        "h" #'idris-docs-at-point
        (:prefix ("i" . "ipkg")
                 "f" #'idris-open-package-file
                 "b" #'idris-ipkg-build
                 "c" #'idris-ipkg-clean
                 "i" #'idris-ipkg-install))

  (map! :localleader
        :mode idris-ipkg-mode
        "b" #'idris-ipkg-build
        "c" #'idris-ipkg-clean
        "i" #'idris-ipkg-install
        "f" #'idris-ipkg-insert-field))
#+end_src

*** Appearance

Operators being in italics looks ugly in this mode too, but unfortunately due to Idris's more complicated syntax highlighting system we have to do a bit more work than for Haskell. There's also the issue of the semantic highlighting faces, which don't match our theme colors.

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(after! idris-mode
  (custom-set-faces!
    '((idris-operator-face idris-colon-face idris-equals-face) :slant normal)

    ;; Semantic highlighting
    `(idris-semantic-type-face :foreground ,(doom-color 'blue))
    `(idris-semantic-data-face :foreground ,(doom-color 'red))
    `(idris-semantic-bound-face :foreground ,(doom-color 'magenta) :slant italic)
    `(idris-semantic-function-face :foreground ,(doom-color 'dark-green))
    `(idris-semantic-postulate-face :foreground ,(doom-color 'yellow))))
#+end_src

** Yuck

#+call: confpkg("Mode: Yuck")

Since I've started using [[https://github.com/elkowar/eww/tree/master?tab=readme-ov-file][EWW (Elkowar's Wacky Widgets)]] for my linux setup, it would be nice to have an editing mode for its configuration language.

#+begin_src emacs-lisp :tangle packages.el
(package! yuck-mode)
#+end_src

* Scratch :noexport:

#+call: confpkg()

This section is for code with little or no associated documentation. This could be because the code is:

1. Temporary
2. Unimportant
3. Self-explanatory
4. Just not really worth the time it takes to write these explanations

** Org

*** Automate Problem List

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(defvar ~/org-problem-spec-alist nil
  "An alist of regexps matching problem specs.")

(setq ~/org-problem-spec-alist
      `((,(rx (group (+ digit))
              (* space) "-" (* space)
              (group (+ digit))
              (* space) "odd")
         . ,(lambda (beg end)
              (when (cl-evenp beg) (cl-incf beg))
              (number-sequence beg end 2)))
        (,(rx (group (+ digit))
              (* space) "-" (* space)
              (group (+ digit))
              (* space) "even")
         . ,(lambda (beg end)
              (when (cl-oddp beg) (cl-incf beg))
              (number-sequence beg end 2)))
        (,(rx (group (+ digit))
              (* space) "-" (* space)
              (group (+ digit))) . number-sequence)
        (,(rx (group (+ digit))) . list)))


(defun ~/org-generate-problem-list (&rest specs)
  (interactive (s-split "," (read-from-minibuffer "Problems: ")))
  (let* ((alist ~/org-problem-spec-alist)
         (problems
          (mapcan
           (lambda (spec)
             (let* ((match
                     (or (--some (-some-> (s-match (car it) spec)
                                   cdr (cons (cdr it)))
                                 alist)
                         (user-error "Invalid problem spec \"%s\"" spec))))
               (apply (cdr match) (mapcar #'string-to-number (car match)))))
           specs)))
    (move-to-left-margin)
    (dolist (num problems)
      (insert (format "- [ ] %d\n" num)))))
#+end_src